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Re: starship-design: BOUNCE starship-design@lists.uoregon.edu: Admin reques
I got a bounce message on this, so incase it never made it...
In a message dated 12/13/97 1:11:59 PM, you wrote:
>In a message dated 12/11/97 7:53:47 AM, kuo@bit.csc.lsu.edu wrote:
>
>===>
>>>True I was suggesting a service life goal for a 2 way ship at 40 years,
>which
>>>seems a streach, but probably doable. But adding a few decades on the end
>>>would significantly cut your odds.
>>
>>40 years? You mean we're just going to go there and immediately
>>come back? Now _that_ sounds like a sad waste.
>
>12 years to get there, 12 years to get back here, 8 year in systems survey,
>resuply, and servicing time, 8 year reserve capacity.
>
>
>>But then again, you are also assuming twice the delta-v capability,
>>which could blow up the fuel costs a thousandfold or more.
>
>It came out to a 400 to 1 fuel ratio. About $40 billion worth of Lithium-6
at
>current market rates.
>
>
>===>
>>>Actually since you need all engines working to brake you into
>>>the system, but can take as long as you like to burn you way
>>>back up to speed on the way back, the return boost can afford
>>>for most of the engines to fail or be dumped.
>>
>>Huh? It's symmetric. You can afford many of your braking engines
>>to fail during "storage"--you just need to start your deceleration
>>run earlier. Naturally, you will start the run early enough so
>>that you have room to spare in case some engines fail during the
>>braking run.
>
>You won't know if they've died on the shelf until you test them and fire them
>up. In any even I was more worried about burn outs during operation. You
>presumably have enough reserve thrust to throatle up the other engines to
>compensate. But if you lose to much thrust you'll over shoot.
>
>
>>For the return journey, OTOH, you can't just take as long as you
>>like. You need to get back before your supplies run out, and
>>losing most of your engines could result in extending your
>>acceleration run several decades, assuming you somehow (how?)
>>refuel in system.
>
>The accel run is only a year or two even for the fuel/sail. Loseing half you
>engines isn't likely to over run your 8 year mission pad.
>
>
>>If you're not refueling in system, then you can afford only a
>>few rockets remaining for your return acceleration because of
>>the greatly reduced mass relaxing thrust requirements.
>>
>>If you are refueling in system in a fuel/sail like starship,
>>then the mass during the deceleration run and the return
>>acceleration run are equivalent. Losses in rockets in either
>>leg have the same effect on extending the mission time.
>>
>>If you are refueling in system in a pure rocket starship, then
>>you can ill afford much loss in rockets because of the greatly
>>_increased_ mass compared to during the deceleration run.
>>
>>Engine failures for the deceleration and return acceleration runs
>>will both extend the mission time.
>
>Extending the mission time isn't a big problem. Over shooting the system by
>light weeks could be.
>
>
>>>>2. Oxygen recycling and CO2 scrubbers. At least with current
>>>> technology, they have a limited expected life span, but
>>>> they are relatively lightwieght so many spares can be
>>>> carried. I'm not sure about their shelf life.
>>
>>>Scrubbers wouldn't work, but we could synthasis the ox out of water in the
>>>air. (Odd bit of matabolism I found. The ox we breathing winds up in the
>>>water we excreat, the ox in the CO2 comes from other sources. weird.)
>>
>>Not really. That's the way respiration works.
>>
>>>>3. Water recycling. I'm not sure about this part.
>>
>>>Boil it to steam and condese it out. Replace burned out reaction chambers
>>>every few years(?). Foutunately stainless steel is plantifull in
asteroids.
>>
>>Stainless steel isn't plentiful anywhere except maybe landfills. It
>>has to be refined. This is something where spares will have to be
>>brought, but these spares should last practically forever in
>>storage.
>
>It is plentiful in asteroids. I.E. nickel iron asteroids. The metal ores
>rich enough to use with little processing. Not the best grade, but
>acceptable.
>
>
>>>>4. Food storage. Irradiated canned food will easily last a couple
>>>> hundred years.
>>
>>>The containers arn't likely to last for centuries!
>>
>>In low pressure storage hermetically sealed in inert gas? I don't
>>see why not.
>
>Theyll corrode with the chemicals in the food.
>
>
>===>>
>>>>>>Why would the crew be wearing out? We'd be getting old after a
>>>>>>while, but at that point it would be getting less and less
>>>>>>important to have the equipment last much longer.
>>
>>>>>It has to keep working for the crew to keep living. If it
>>>>>needs repair NOW, you can't just hope it woun't fail for
>>>>>a decade or two for the last crewman to die. It almost
>>>>>certainly will fail in months to years.
>>
>>>>Why would it almost certainly fail in months or years? Exactly
>>>>what mission critical components are certain to fail, even with
>>>>triple redundancy? (If there's only one or two crew left,
>>>>the life support systems will be well below capacity.)
>>
>>>How many months with out service would you expect your car to keep runing
>>>after the check engine light comes on?
>>
>>Not too long, but if I have 5 cars I can live with one of them
>>breaking down. Remember, we're talking about the last one or two
>>survivors living in a habitat designed for at least a dozen.
>>That leaves a lot of room for redundancy.
>
>However a life support system built to supply hudreds might have serious
>troubles running only for two or three.
>
>
>>>Why do you think ship and subs keep
>>>such large maintenece crews, and airplaces often need days of support crew
>>>time for every hour they fly. This stuff takes a beating. And if any of
>the
>>>parts cut out, the system starts to fail.
>>
>>Yes, that stuff takes a beating. They're combat machines that have
>>to directly compete with their own kind. This starship isn't some
>>combat machine, and it's going to take things nice and slow.
>
>At .4c? We obviousl have different ideas of slow. ;)
>
>
>===>>
>
>
>>>>>Your sending people out to to a decade or two of work (at most until the
>>>>>exploration gear become unservicable) and then sit in the deralic ship
>until
>>>>>they die.
>>
>>>>Why would the exploration gear become unservicable so quickly?
>>>>At the very least, we can expect handheld optical telescopes
>>>>to last hundreds of years. Even that alone, at such a close
>>>>range, is enough to do serious scientific observations impossible
>>>>from the Solar System. (Even if we figured out a way to make
>>>>astronomically huge optical telescopes able to equal their
>>>>resolution, we could not make fine corona observations since
>>>>we'd lack the ability to shade out the photosphere.)
>>
>>>Actually telescopes arn't worth sending, you can see the systems perfectly
>>>well from here with a big enough scope. FAR easier to build a scope here
>with
>>>a synthetic apiture a few light secounds across, rather then keep a 1 meter
>>>scope working a few light years from home.
>>
>>You won't be able to easily shade the photosphere.
>
>We have as far back as skylab, can't see why we would forget by 2050.
>
>>>Yes you can shade out the photosphere from here, especially from space.
>>
>>With your "synthetic aperture" telescope, you'd need a shade at least
>>the size of your synthetic aperture and it would have to be placed
>>in interstellar space between the target star and your telescope
>>system (it has to appear the same size as the target star).
>
>Or a separte small shade in each scope.
>
>
>>>Or, you could use electronic imaging systems that can see the corona
>>>without blocking the photosphere.
>>
>>Doesn't work with LBI.
>
>Why?
>
>>>No observation studies (assuming you can keep the scopes working without
>>>needing to strip their aiming and stabalization systems, or cooling, or the
>>>rest), arn't going to cut it. You have to get direct data from drop probes
>or
>>>samples, preferable bringing some samples home where the better lab gear
is.
>>
>>Samples? Samples of what? Sure, there _might_ be planetoids around
>>Alpha Centauri. But those can be visited directly with the ship,
>>if need be. Big planets with significant gravitational fields would
>>present a problem, but there's no reason for us to currently expect
>>any such things orbiting there. Binary star systems don't make for
>>too many stable orbits.
>
>Binaries can have stable orbits, thou they have to be much greater, or
smaller
>then the distence between the stars. (3 star in the Centauri system as I
>remember.)
>
>Besides if theirs isn't any planets to speak of, theirs no reason to go. You
>can study the star nearly as well from here, and the difference isn't worth
>sending a ship for.
>
>
>>>>>Thats effectivly a suicide mission. I know a few folks in this group
>>>>>disagree, or don't care, but it still would meen no government on earth
>>>could
>>>>>get permision for such a mission. I.E. your throwing away a crew for no
>>>>>critical reason. Specifically your doing it to save money, which is
>really
>>>>>not going to sell.
>>
>>>>By your logic, life is a suicide mission. No matter what, you're
>>>>going to die somewhere.
>>
>>>>Honestly, if I and others like me were sent on a _2_ way mission, We'd
>>>>be more than halfway tempted to disobey orders and simply stay.
>>
>>>>That aside, the crew isn't thrown away. They're simply taking the
>>>>"retirement plan" of their choice.
>>
>>>How many ships crew, deside to beach their ship and hope they die before it
>>>does?
>>
>>How is this question relevant? No oceangoing ship ever built is even
>>remotely like the starships we're discussing.
>
>Because that your senerop. Go to the system. Do you mission for a few years
>until the gear burns out. Then hole up in the deralict ship for the rest of
>your life.
>
>
>>>Or how many arctic explorers would agree to go knowing they'ld live out
>>>their days in those cramped tents or shacks in the ice. Nothing to do but
>try
>>>to stay alive a few days longer.
>>
>>The arctic is frankly a pretty boring place. Alpha Centauri is pretty
>>exciting place.
>
>How? You don't even expect their to be any planets or much asteroids to look
>at? the Arctic would be comparativly busy and comfortable.
>
>>>>Anyway, doing something to save money has long been a strong selling
>>>>point. That's why Mars pathfinder is this tiny little cart which
>>>>can't even send data up to orbit rather than the originally
>>>>envisionned self-sufficient rovers bristling with sensors. It's
>>>>why Magellan has only the rather limited radar rather than radar,
>>>>IR, and optical, and it's why they trashed it into Venus's
>>>>atmosphere when it could have continued operating it for years.
>>
>>>People don't mind you using expendable equipment and abandoning it when
your
>>>done, but they get very upset when you do the same to personel.
>>
>>These people aren't being abandonned.
>
>They are sent to do a mission, then left their to die when the mission is
>finished. That sounds like abandonment by my dictionary.
>
>
>===>>>
>>>Also you might note my Explorer system has over a .3 c cruse speed, and the
>>>fuel sail has over a .4c cruse speed. .1 or .2c speeds would require
flight
>>>times of 20-50 years each way. Totally unfeasable.
>>
>>A 20 year 1-way trip is what we're discussing. The tacit assumption
>>is that a faster cruise speed is unavailable. Assuming a straight
>>fusion rocket like a highly refined MagOrion, a delta-v limit of
>>..4c (which implies a cruise speed of .1c) is rather reasonable.
>>This assumes the fusion rocket comes within an order of magnitude
>>of the theoretical maximum.
>
>Whos we? I never heard you mentioned this assumption, or specify such a
ship,
>and I've repeatedly refured to the fuel ratios and speed capacities of the
>fuel sail.
>
>
>>Honestly, I'd be half tempted to go on a .1c 1-way trip (40 years).
>>I picked .2c since it was fast enough so that I would _jump_ at
>>the opportunity to go.
>
>Given the slow speed, you'ld push the service life of systems, which would
>demand a bigger heavier ship to allow the added service life. It would be
>cheaper to just up your fuel mass ratio, and get their quicker. Also with a
>40 year flight virtually all your crew would be in their 70's and 80's, and
be
>40 years out of practice and behind the times.
>
>
>>>>>Past
>>>>>that your need to strip those systems for pars to regulate life support,
>>>>>medical, etc..
>>
>>>>Huh? Keeping the systems alive will be a matter of repairing them
>>>>with spares. There's not much commonality between a CO2 scrubber
>>>>and an IR camera.
>>
>>>The IR cameras cryo cooler, aiming motors, and electronics could be used in
>>>everything from food processors to refrigeration systems, the images might
>be
>>>needed for medical, etc..
>>
>>It's theoretically possible to share those components, but entirely
>>impractical once you look at the differences between the systems.
>>A cryogenic cooler designed to cool a small space to 5 degrees K
>>isn't going to be much like a refrigerator designed to cool a large
>>space to 5 degrees Fahrenheit. The micrometer stepping motors for
>>slowly slewing a camera with minimum vibration are radically
>>different from a brushless DC motor designed to run an air pump.
>>About the only common electronics components would be assorted
>>resistors, capacitors, and microcontrollers, but you're going to
>>have thousands of these in storage. The camera itself is designed
>>for focus at infinity, which is very different from anything you'd
>>want for medical imaging...
>
>The lens would be different, the imagining chipcould be the same. In general
>to keep the spare parts count don't everything would be designedto use the
>same standard parts. Cryo coolers for long term storage to low thermal
>imaging. Motors for..etc..
>
>>>>Most of the time spent on a manned spaceship, at least currently, is
>>>>keeping yourself alive. That's a given. But really that's not so
>>>>different from life here on Earth (especially if you're a farmer).
>>
>>>Very little of the time spent in current life is related to survival.
>>>Probably less then 1/5-1/20th (depending on how you figure it).
>>
>>Most people work at least 40 hours a week, and spend maybe 8 hours
>>a week just eating. Not counting 8 hours a day for sleeping (which,
>>if anything, counts towards time used up surviving), that's 43% of
>>the time.
>
>And if you assume you grocery bill is $80 per week, Rent and utilities $150
>per week. $15- $20 and hour pre tax/benifits ave salery. You work about 12
-
>15 hours a week for survival.
>
>>If you're a farmer, then you probably spend a lot more time working.
>>
>>>The scientists on the crew would be there to do science and
>>>support personel would keep the ship runing.
>>
>>At least for the cruise leg, everyone on board would be there to
>>keep the ship running, but it should be easy going early on. At
>>the target system, everyone on board should be there to "do
>>science". Even someone completely unfamiliar with astronomy
>>at the beginning of the mission could learn as much about
>>astronomy as any PhD in 20 years.
>
>The ship will need about as much servicing on the cruse as anywhere, the
>mission systems (shuttles, probes, minning systems, etc..) will need a lot
>more. So the support crew to do all that would need to grosely outweigh the
>scientists or landing survey crews. The latter would need to be separte
folks
>or they would never have any time to do research work.
>
>>>But as the ship deteriorated it would require
>>>exponential growth in sevicing, and the science gear, crew, and
>>>systems would be droped, or canabalized to service the rest.
>>
>>As I stated before, the ship would be maintained with replacement
>>parts, rather than canabalizing components.
>>--
>> _____ Isaac Kuo
>
>Kelly