I. Review: Three Types of Religion

Founder based, Tribal, and State

New Religions

II. Shamanic Culture in Japan

Religious Experience may be induced but not controllable

relation ritual practice and religious experience

Shaman, Shamaness - magatama, bow and arrow, mirror-disk

Shamanic trance or possession - spontaneous or ritual process charisma, or power that exudes the presence of the deity

Shamaness, the musician, the saniwa-hito (interlocutor), and the saniwa, temenos (sacred space)

Sandplay Therapy, Talk Therapy

Mystical visions, yume 

angry deities; kami

Shamanic messages as oracles from the gods

Miko, Nuru (formalized within a ritual system, leadership in the village), and Yuta

Serpents, Dragon, and Shamanesses