Earth’s Dynamic Interior, 2003 Name:
1) A syncline is a
a)
fold that usually forms by extensional stresses.
b)
fold that usually forms by compressional stress.
c)
fold with the oldest rocks in the core.
d)
fold with the youngest rocks in the core.
e)
b and d
2) The fault in this diagram
(a cross-section) is a
a) normal fault
b)
reverse fault
c)
right-lateral fault
d)
left-lateral fault
e)
transform fault
3) The point labelled “#3”
on the diagram above is
a)
in the footwall of the fault
b)
in the hanging wall of the fault
4) Which of the following
best explains how a sedimentary rock unit, only a couple of hundred meters
thick, can be exposed continuously over thousands of square kilometers of land
surface?
a)
If it is steeply dipping, its trace can extend for great distances.
b)
If it is folded, it can appear and re-appear continuously.
c)
If it gets strongly deformed, it can be stretched over a great area.
d)
If it is undeformed, its horizontal orientation allows it to “blanket”
a large area.
e)
Thin sedimentary rock units can not be exposed continuously over very great
areas.
5) Which of the following
statements is generally true about clastic sedimentary rocks?
a)
They tend to be more quartz rich closer to their bedrock sources.
b)
The coarser their grain size, the greater “energy” of the
depositional environment.
c)
The more rounded the grains, the closer they are to their source.
d)
The coarser their grains, the farther they are from their source.
e)
b and d
6) The material that is
precipitated at hot springs in Yellowstone National Park falls into which
category of rock?
a)
high grade metamorphic
b)
low grade metamorphic
c)
chemical sedimentary
d)
clastic sedimentary
e)
volcanic
7) The law of Superposition
holds that
a)
sedimentary rocks are deposited as flat sheets.
b)
contact metamorphism happens when intrusive rocks are superposed on sedimentary
rocks.
c)
in an undeformed sequence of sedimentary rocks, the oldest are at the bottom.
d)
a fault must be younger than the youngest rock it offsets.
e)
new scientific ideas take precedence over old ones.
8) On geologic maps, zig zag
patterns of the same geologic rock units usually indicate
a)
flat-lying rocks in areas of subdued topography.
b)
near-vertical sedimentary rocks in areas of subdued topography.
c)
near-vertical sedimentary rocks in areas of steep topography.
d)
anticlines and synclines with “plunging” hinges.
e)
normal faulting and tilted fault blocks.
9) To the right is a map of
the western United States. Different
geologic provinces are
labelled as “A, B, C, D, and E”. Which
of those provinces is the
Colorado Plateau?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
e) E
10) Which of those provinces
is the Basin and Range?
a) A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
e)
E
11) Which statement best
characterizes the geology of the Colorado Plateau?
a) Relatively undeformed Paleozoic through Cenozoic
sedimentary rock.
b)
Tightly folded Paleozoic and Mesozoic sedimentary rock with less deformed
Cenozoic rock.
c)
Strongly extended crust resulting in numerous tilted fault blocks.
d)
An area that exposes predominantly metamorphic rock.
e)
The site in Colorado of a large basalt flow that has since eroded into a a huge
plateau.
12) Which of the following
shows the geologic time periods in the correct chronological order? (from
oldest to youngest)
a)
Cambrian, Permian, Tertiary, Cretaceous
b)
Permian, Cambrian, Cretaceous, Tertiary
c)
Triassic, Cambrian, Tertiary, Quaternary.
d)
Cambrian, Permian, Cretaceous, Tertiary.
e)
Cambrian, Tertiary, Permian, Cretaceous.
13) What type of fault
typically places older rocks over younger rocks?
a) Thrust
b)
Reverse
c)
Normal
d)
Strike-Slip
e)
a and b
14) An unconformity is best
described as
a) a
depositional contact between much younger sedimentary or volcanic rocks on much
older rocks.
b) an
intrusive contact between much younger igneous rocks, and much older metamorphic
rocks.
c)
an intrusive contact between much younger metamorphic rocks and much older
igneous rocks.
d)
an intrusive contact between much younger igneous rocks and much older sedimentary
rocks.
e)
b and d.
15) Which of the following
lists of metamorphic rocks shows them in order of increasing metamorphic grade?
a) gneiss, phyllite, schist, slate
b)
slate, phyllite, schist, gneiss
c)
slate, schist, phyllite, gneiss
d)
phyllite, slate, schist, gneiss
e)
schist, phyllite, slate, gneiss
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