food

ɔl-adakíté Nom sg: ɔl-ádakíté. n. Food; food dish. Syn: ɛn-dáà ‘Food’. See: ɔl-dákéí ‘The eating’.

ɔl-aɨkɔ́shʉ́àànì Nom sg: ɔl-aɨkɔshʉ́àànì. Acc pl: ɨl-áɨ́kɔ́shʉ́ààk. Nom pl: ɨl-aɨkɔshʉ́ààk. [West] Acc sg: ɔl-áɨ́kɔ́shʉ́àànì. n. Person who is greedy for food; glutton. ɛlɛ̂ áɨ́kɔ́shʉ́àànì this glutton (W). See: a-atá ɛnkɔ́shɔ̀kɛ̀ ‘To be greedy’; a-ulú ‘To eat heavily’; a-ɨsɛpɛ́ ‘To be greedy, gluttonous’.

ɛn-áɨ́ŋʉ́rrɛ́ Nom sg: ɛn-aɨŋʉrrɛ́. Acc pl: ɨn-aɨŋúrria. Nom pl: ɨn-áɨ́ŋurriá. n. Chewing gum. Kɛ́ɨ́bʉ̀ŋ ɛnaɨŋʉrrɛ́ ɨnkɨlánì. Chewing gum sticks on clothes.

ɛn-aipidí Nom sg: ɛ-náípidí. n.r n.sg. Beer. See: a-ipíd ‘To jump’.

ɔl-aɨshɨmɨ́ Nom sg: ɔl-áɨ́shɨmɨ́. Acc pl: ɨl-aáɨ́shɨ̀mɨ̀. Nom pl: ɨl-áàɨ̀shɨ̀mɨ̀. n. 1 • [West] Type(s) of tree with leaves or young branches that people chew and chew.

2 • [West] Sugarcane.

3 • [West] Part of a bone (e.g. hip bone) that, when cooked, is chewable.

4 • [North] Tree whose stem is used to make containers, e.g. gourds for milk. See: ɔl-ɔɨshɨmɨ́ ‘Bone part’.

ɛn-áíshó Nom sg: ɛn-aishó. Acc pl: ɨn-áíshí. Nom pl: ɨn-aishí. n. 1 • Alcoholic beverage (beer, wine, hard liquor, etc.). Ɛtɛmɛ́ràtɛ̀ ɨlpáyianí amʉ̂ étóóko ɛnáíshó. The men got drunk because they took beer. ɨnáíshí ɔ̀ kʉlɛ́ goodbye (at evening time) (lit: beer and milk) (W). [This implies wishing another (esp. a man) good food and a good time during the evening.].

2 • Honey. ɛn-áíshó oó ilotóròk honey. In W, the central meaning of ɛn-áíshó is 'honey', and this extended expression just clarifies what kind of 'honey', as if there could be multiple types of insects that produce honey. In A, this expression is used even if the honey is not fermented. Ɨmɛɛ́tà apá iltórróbò inkíshú; ɨlŋanayíó ɔ́ ɨnáíshí oó lotóròk ó ŋúésì éntìm ɛ́nyá. Before then the Dorobo never had cattle; they used to eat fruits, bee honey, and wild animals. In some areas, when used without modification ɛn-áíshó is most neutrally understood as referrring to a fermented beverage (sense 1) rather than to unfermented honey, as the local brew in Maasailand is made from honey. LING: The plural refers to multiple containers of honey or intoxicant. See: ɔl-marúá ‘Intoxicant’; ɛn-cɔɨ́ ‘Intoxicant’.

l-akulí [North] n. [North] Preserved meat stored in fat. See: ɔl-pʉ́rdá ‘Preserved meat in fat’.

alɛ́ n. Milk. Akùà alɛ́? Which milk? (Pk). Kɛ́bɛbɛ́k kʉná álɛ́ amʉ̂ ɛ́tɨ́pɨ́kákɨ̀ ɛnkárɛ́. [kʊ̀ná ! álɛ́] This milk is diluted because it has water. (Pk). Hymn: alɛ́ ‘Calf pen (nominative)’. See: kʉlɛ́ ‘Milk’.

ɔl-áméyú Nom sg: ɔl-ámèyù. Acc pl: ɨl-ameyitín. Nom pl: ɨl-ámèyìtìn ɨl-ámeyitín. [South] Acc sg: al-áméy. [North] Acc sg: l-áméí. n. 1 • Famine. Eéwùò ɔlámèyù óyookí amʉ́t inkíshú ó sirkôn.` Famine which may finish the cows and donkeys has come. (Pk).

2 • Hunger; extreme hunger. Usage: hyperbole. Káátà ɔláméyú. I am famished. / I am feeling hunger. LING: This could indicate a habitual, persistent state. Hɔ́ɔ́ dúó náɨ́nɔsá ŋolé ɛndáà kákè ɛtɔ́n aátà ɔláméyú. Though I had eaten food yesterday, I am still feeling hungry. (W). Áànyɛ̀ɨ̀tà ɔlámèyù. I am feeling hunger. (W). LING: This could indicate something one feels at the moment.

3 • Dry season, long dry season. Kɛ́ɨ́dʉ̀r oshî olórérè tɛ̀ rɨshatá ɔ́lameyu. People migrate during the dry season. Ɛgɨ́rà inkíshù áàìtìànyà tɔ̀ lámèyù. The cows are dying during the dry season.

4 • Drought. Eéwùò ɔlámèyù ógòl ɛnkɔ́p. Drought has come. (lit: The drought that is hard has come to the land.).

ol-áméy ogól [ɔláméyúògòl] Hard dry season, when the dry period continues into when the rainy season should be. Ant: e-leŋón ‘Season of plenty’. See: ém-pérî ‘Famine’; ɛ-sʉ́màsh ‘Hunger’; [North] n-kɔlɔ́ŋ ‘Hunger’.

nk-apenîâ [North] Nom sg: nk-ápenîâ. n. [North] Milk fat found in cooled fresh milk. See: ɔl-arámpâî ‘Cream’; rapátì ‘Soup fat’.

ɛn-áráá₁ Nom sg: ɛn-araá. n. Leaves laid down to act as a table for laying meat on, after roasting the meat. Syn: [North] n-tasá ‘Leaves for laying meat on top of’. See: ɛn-kʉ́jɨ́tá ‘Grass’.

ɔl-arámpâî Nom sg: ol-árampâî. Acc pl: ɨl-arámpa. Nom pl: ɨl-árampá. n. 1 • Fat part of milk which rises to the top; cream.

2 • [West] Green scum-like material that develops over water; algae. See: ɛn-kapianá ‘Milk fat’; ɛ-ŋɔrnɔ̂ ‘Ghee’.

ɨnk-árrɛ̀r Nom pl: ɨnk-árrɛ̂r. n.pl. Milk to which water has been added; diluted milk. See: kʉlɛ́ ‘Milk’.

nk-áwáí [North] Nom sg: nk-awáí. Acc pl: nk-áwà. Nom pl: nk-áwâ. n. [North] Meat cooked so that fat is extracted from it (though the meat is still quite fatty), typically from the tail of a sheep; fried fatty meat. A few of these can quckly nauseate s.o. Áaɨtɨrɨkɨtâ nkáwâ. The fatty meats have nauseated me. (SN). Kácám aná áwáí. [kátʃám àná ! áwáí] I like this piece of fried fatty meat. (SN). See: ɨ-rɔ́nkɛ́nà ‘Defatted meat’.

ɔl-biásɨ̀ [South] [North] Acc sg: l-biásɨ̀. n. Potato. See: ɛn-kuashé ‘Potato’; ɔl-mʉrʉ́nkʉ́ì ‘Potato’; m-pɨ́ásɨ̀ [Chamus] ‘Potato’.

a-bɨrɨ́ PL.IMP: en-ti-biri-a. v. To sip or eat slowly and cautiously, because the food or drink is disliked or dirty. Ɛgɨ́rà ɛnkɛráɨ́ abɨrɨ́ kʉlɛ́ amʉ̂ mɛ́nyɔ̂r The child is sipping milk cautiously because she does not like. Míntókì doí abɨrɨ́ ɛndáà; tápàlà tenímiyieu. Stop eating the food cautiously; if you don't like it, stop eating it.

n-cákʉ́lɛ̂ [North] [North] Nom sg: n-cákʉ̀lɛ̀. n.sg. [North] Boiled mixture of milk, blood and fat drunk by warriors after eating meat.

ɔl-cakʉ́lɛ̀t Nom sg: ɔl-cákʉlɛ́t. Acc pl: ɨl-cakuletí. Nom pl: ɨl-cákuletí. n. Sweet, white, milky tuber that is dug up, washed, and eaten raw. See: ɔ̀lɛ̀ kʉ́lɛ̀ ‘Edible tuber’.

ɔl-cánkaróì Nom sg: ɔl-cánkaróì. Acc pl: ɨl-cánkaró. Nom pl: ɨl-cánkaró. n. 1 • Honey comb. See: n-kúé [North] ‘Honey’; ɛn-áíshó ‘Beer, honey’.

2 • Larvae of bees.

n-carlúgì [North] Nom sg: n-cárlugí. n. [North] Unstirred blood mixed with milk for drinking. See: n-julótì [North] ‘Stirred blood mixed with milk’; ɔ-sáróí ‘Stirred blood mixed with curdled milk’; m-púpùò [North] ‘Unstirred boiled blood’.

ɛn-cɔɨ́ Nom sg: ɛn-cɔ́ɨ. Acc pl: ɨn-cɔɨ̂n. Nom pl: ɨn-cɔ́ɨ̀n. n. Alcoholic beverage (beer, wine, hard liquor, etc). Ɛtɛmɛ́ràtɛ̀ ɨlpáyianí amʉ̂ étóókô ɛncɔɨ́. The men got drunk because they took beer. (Pk). Ɛ́ɨ́tɔrɔ́nɔ̂ ɛncɔ́ɨ tɔɔ́ ɨnkɛ́râ. Beer is bad for children. See: ɛn-áíshó ‘Intoxicant’; ɔl-marúá ‘Intoxicant’.

ɛn-cɔ́látá Nom sg: ɛn-cɔlatá. Acc pl: ɨn-cɔlát. Nom pl: ɨn-cɔlát. n. Liquification, liquifying, melting. Kɛ́lɛlɛ́k ɛncɔlatá ɛ́nà ɨ́látá tenéírowuajíékì. The liquification of this fat is easy if it is heated. (Pk). Ɛ́ɨ́torrónô ɛncɔlatá ɛ́nà ɨ́látá amʉ̂ ɛ̀yɨ̀kà. The melting of this fat is bad because it is overcooked. (Pk). See: a-shɔ́l ‘To melt (trans)’.

ɛn-cɔlátì n. Ghee. See: a-shɔ́l ‘To melt’; ɛ-ŋɔrnɔ̂ ‘Butter, ghee’.

ol-copólólêt n. Pumpkin.

en-cúmpì Nom sg: en-cúmpî. Acc pl: in-cúmpií. Nom pl: in-cúmpií. [North] Acc sg: cúmvì. [Chamus] Acc sg: címpí. n. Salt. Sodium Chloride. Éísidai oshî tɛ̀ nɛ́pɨkɨ encúmpì ɛndáà. It is always good to have salt in the food. (Pk). Syn: shímpì ‘Salt’; ɛ-mʉnyán ‘Salt’; ɛn-abɛlɨ́ ‘Salt’; ɛn-aɨsʉ́kʉ̀t ‘Salt’; ɛ-makát ‘Salt’; em-bolíêî ‘Salt lick’.

a-daá v itr. To eat, feed (itr). Káló adaá amʉ̂ káátà esúmàsh. I am going to eat because I am hungry. Ágɨ́rà adaá. I am eating. Tányà taá ɛdaá inkíshù ɛ́nyɛnák tɔ̀ lcámpâ línò. Forbid his cows from grazing in your land. (W). Ɛ́ɨ́má inkíshù enê áàpùò áàdàà. The herds of cows have passed here for grazing. (Pk). Ɛtadɛ́ɛ̀ ɛlɛ́ páyìàn. This man has eaten.

a-daarí To go on eating from one place to another or one meal after another; feed on. Kétírù ɛnkɔ́shɔ́kɛ̀ ɔltʉŋánì ɔdaárì The stomach will ache anybody who keeps on eating from place to place. See: ɛn-dáátá ‘The eating, food’; ɛn-dáà ‘Food’; a-nyá ‘To eat (transitive)’; a-itotí ‘To feed (transitive)’; a-ɨnɔ́s ‘To eat’; a-ám ‘To eat’; a-má ‘To eat’.

ɛn-dáà Nom sg: ɛn-dáâ. Acc pl: ɨn-daikí. Nom pl: ɨn-dáíkì. n. Food. Kɛ́nyá oshî ɨltʉŋaná ɛndáà peê éíshû. People eat food so as to live. (Pk). Tʉ́pʉrdakɨ́ lpílipílì atúà ndáà. Crush the pepper into the food. (SN). See: a-daá ‘To eat, feed’.

ɔl-dákéí Nom sg: ɔl-dakéí. [Purko] Acc sg: ɔl-dákèì. n. 1 • The eating.

2 • Eating habit. See: ɛn-dáà ‘Food’; ɔl-adakíté ‘Food’.

a-dʉ́m To steal and drink milk (mostly by warriors). Eétùò ɨlmʉ́rrân áàdʉ̀m ɛnkají métíi ɛnɔ́pɛ̀ny. Warriors have come to steal and drink milk when the owner is not there.

a-ɛ́t v.prog. 1 • To empty a container completely or partially (of things), removing one by one. aɛ́t olbɛ́nɛ́ To remove items from a bag. In the simple form aɛ́t, the Verb takes the Source as the grammatical object. In the directional form aɛtʉ́, the verb takes the Theme (item removed) as the grammatical object.

2 • To remove chunks of food from a boiling pot. aɛ́t emotí To remove chunks of food from a pot.

a-ɛtʉ́ To remove items one by one. aɛtʉ́ inkuashên tɔ́ lbɛnɛ́ To remove potatoes one by one from the bag. Ɛgɨ́rà ɛnkɛráí aɛtʉ́ ilmósòr tɔ̀ lbené adány The baby is removing eggs one at a time from the bag to break them. See: a-ɨt ‘To do sth. in installments’.

a-ɨdaikíé v. 1 • To eat up; consume; finish food. This is not used for consuming water, petrol, sodas, etc.

2 • To exterminate, destroy, kill. This can be used for destroying people, animals, maize fields, buildings, forests, pests, ants. See: a-daá ‘To eat’.

a-idoŋidóŋ v.prog. To drink fast, chug down. Restrict: liguid. Áídoŋídóŋítò kʉlɛ́. I am chugging down milk. See: a-ók ‘To drink’.

a-ɨ́k₁ v itr. To become overcooked, scorched, or burned due to excessive heat so as to affect color or taste. Restrict: food. Kɛ́ɨ̀k amʉ̂ metíi ɛnkárɛ̀ náɨ́dɨ̀p. It will become burned because there is not enough water. Ɨ́ŋʉrá peê mɛ́ɨ̀k ɛndáâ. Watch so that food will not burn. Ɛ́ɨ́ká ɛndáâ náyiara. The food that is cooking is burned. LING: This verb cannot take the Progressive, Inceptive, nor Perfective-Middle affixes.

a-ikíé To make food burn. See: a-ishurá ‘To get burned (of food)’.

a-ɨkarurúm v. To reduce into small pieces in the mouth with a crunching noise; crunch. Ɛɨkarúrùmò oldîâ ilóìk The dog has crunched the bones inside the mouth. See: a-ikururúm ‘To crunch’; a-kakány ‘To grind’.

a-imotót v. To be salty (of a liquid).

a-ɨnɔ́s v.prog. 1 • To eat. Ɛɨnɔ́sɨ́tà ɔlŋatúny ɛncɛrɛ́rɛt. The lion is eating the monkey. (W). Ɛɨnɔ́sɨ́tà ɛncɛ́rɛrɛ́t ɔlŋátúny. The monkey is eating the lion. (W). Ɛɨnɔ́sɨ́tà olkínyáŋ olowuarú márà. The crocodile is eating the leopard. (W). Ɛɨnɔ́sɨ́tà olówuarú márâ olkinyáŋ. The leopard is eating the crocodile. (W). Áɨ́nɔ́sɨ́tà ɛndáà. I am eating food. Átódúàà náají ɛntúrkulúò naɨnɔsɨ́tà ilkúrt tɛ̀ mpɔ́lɔ̂s ɛ́ bɔɔ́. I have seen a dove eating worms in the middle of the homestead.

2 • To discuss; share news. Áɨ́nɔ́sɨ́tà ɨlɔmɔ́n. I am getting/sharing news. Nɛ́kɨnɔ́s (~ nékɨɨnɔ́s) taá tɛ̀ nkádɔrɨ́. We had a long discussion. (lit: We discussed for a long time.) (W). Kɨ́ɨnɔ́s. We will discuss it. (W).

3 • To cause pain; wound. A: Káɨ́nyɔɔ nɨ́kɨ́nɔ́sà ɛnkáɨ́ná? B: olkikúèì láataremó. A: What has made your arm ache? B: I was stabbed by a thorn. Ɛ́ɨ́nɔ́sâ intúduí ɨnkɛ́rà ilkimojík lɔɔ́ nkɛjɛ́k. Children have jiggers infesting their toes (lit. the digits of the feet). (Pk).

4 • To have a specific value; worth.

5 • To make s.o cry. LING: Sense 2 is possibly dominant in W, though all senses are clearly prominent.

a-ɨnɔsɨshɔ́

a-ɨnɔsʉ́ 1 • To eat coming this way.

2 • To narrate a story, tell news.

3 • To regret.

a-ɨnɔsaá 1 • To eat going away.

2 • To spread the news or contents of a story.

a-inosíé 1 • To eat with or at.

2 • To do sth. at the expense of another.

3 • To exchange one thing for another; barter, buy, sell. Ɛgɨ́rà ainosíé ɛnâ kɨlâ iropiyianí îp aré. He is exchanging (selling or buying) this cloth for four hundred shillings. (Pk).

4 • To make sth. be consumed by another (e.g. grass by fire).

5 • To discuss with, talk with.

a-ɨnɔ́s ɔlmʉmâî To take an oath. Áɨ́nɔ́sà ɔlmʉmâî I have taken (eaten) an oath. (Pk). Syn: a-nyá ‘To eat’. See: a-daá ‘To eat’; a-ám ‘To eat; cause distress’; Támà! ‘Eat it!’.

ɛnk-ɨ́nɔ́sátá n. Eating. See: a-ɨnɔ́s ‘To eat’.

a-ɨrɔmɨrɔ́m v. To bite something repeatedly. Ɛɨrɔmɨ́rɔ̀m enkítòk inkírí ɛ́nkɛrai ɛ́tɔ̂n ɛ́ɨtʉ̂ ɛ́ɨ́shɔ̂ mɛ́ɨ́nɔsá. The woman will bite the meat before feeding it to the baby. Ɛɨrɔmɨ́rɔma oldíà ɛnkáɨ́ná ɔ́ lɔmɔ́nì. The dog has repeatedly biten the hand of the visitor. Usage: a-nyaál is more severe and crushing than is a-ɨrɔmɨrɔ́m.. Syn: a-ɨramɨrám ‘To bite lightly and repeatedly’. See: a-nyaál ‘To chew’.

a-itók v. 1 • To heat until fully cooked, boil. Ɛgɨ́rà ɔláyíárání aitók ɛndáà peê emelonú. The cook is cooking the food until it is ready so that it can be delicious. (Pk).

2 • To make food ready by cooking. Usage: food. This can be done to solid foods only, not liquids such as water, and once completely finished. Káytɔ́ɔ̀. I have made the food ready. (S).

3 • To magnify especially bad or sad news about sth.; exaggerate. Ɛgɨ́rà ɔlpáyìàn aitók ɨmbáà tɔrrɔ̂k naátoniŋó. The man is exaggerating the sad issues he heard. (Pk). See: a-rowuajíé ‘To heat sth.’; a-irewejé ‘To boil’; a-yɨ́ɛ́r ‘To cook’.

a-itotí v.prog. 1 • To feed, cause to eat. One does not usually use this verb for feeding cattle. Éítótítò ɛnkɛ́ráí kɨtɨ́ aɨshɔ́ ɛndáà. I am feeding the little child to give it food.

2 • To support. The central idea involves caring for s.o. with reference to food, to make sure they have enough. Ɛgɨ́rà ɔlpáyìàn aitotí ɛnkolíâî ɔ́ laláshɛ̀ otúá. The man is supporting the widow of his late brother. (Pk). See: a-daá ‘To eat, feed (intr)’; a-nyá ‘To eat (tr)’.

n-jɨ́pɨ́táí [North] n. [North] Mixture of fried meat and maize flour.

n-julótì [North] Nom sg: n-júlòtì. Acc pl: n-julót. [Chamus] Acc sg: n-júlòt. n. 1 • [North] Fresh milk mixed with blood taken as food. This may be ingested by anyone as food.

2 • [North] Purplish-pink to light pink color. See: ɔ-sáróí ‘Milk mixed with blood’; m-púpóí [North] ‘Unstirred boiled blood’; n-carlúgì [North] ‘Unstirred blood mixed with milk’; n-tîs [North] ‘Blood mixed with milk and then stirred together’; m-póróí [North] ‘Roasted clotted blood’.

l-kálkálò [North] Nom sg: l-kalkaló. n.pl. [North] Fried meat pieces that still contain fat, before they become n-káwà. See: [North] n-káwà ‘Defatted meat’; rɔ́nkɛ́nà ‘Defatted meat’.

ɛn-kánò Nom sg: ɛn-kánô. Acc pl: in-kánoí. Nom pl: in-kánoí. [West] Acc sg: en-kánô. n. Wheat (plant or ground flour). Eéwùò dúó emáshìnì akesú enkánò. The machine has come to harvest the wheat. (W). Sídáí ɛná kánô. This wheat is good. (W). Sidaín kʉná kánoí. These (bundles, bags, groups of) wheat are good. (W). LING: The formally singular form can be used in either singular or plural sense. The plural form in-kánoí would refer to multiple containers of wheat.

ɛn-kapianá Nom sg: ɛn-kápianá. Acc pl: ɨn-kapíán. Nom pl: ɨn-kapíán. n. Milk fat found in cooled fresh milk. Ɛgɨ́rà ɛnkɛráí kɨ́tɨ̀ aɛlarɛ́ ɛnkapianá. The little child is smearing herself with milk fat found in cooled fresh milk. (Pk). See: ɔl-arámpâî ‘Cream’; ɛ-ŋɔrnɔ̂ ‘Ghee’.

káràt Nom sg: kárât. Acc pl: in-káratí. Nom pl: in-káratí. n. Carrot. Órè oshî káràt naó náà kɛ́dɔ̀. A ripe carrot has the red colour. (Pk). Etym: < English 'carrot'.

n-káwà [North] n.pl. [North] Meat cooked and fat extracted from it. Syn: il-túnkásò ‘Defatted meat’; ɨ-rɔ́nkɛ́nà ‘Defatted meat’.

l-kɨ́cɔ́pɛ́t [Chamus] n. [Chamus] Mortar. See: en-téreét ‘Mortar’; en-kidoŋ(y)ét ‘Mortar’; en-kiurí ‘Mortar’.

ɨn-kɨpɔshát n.pl. Skimmed milk. See: a-ɨpɔ́sh ‘To churn’; ɨn-kɨsʉshátì ‘Skimmed milk’.

en-kitungúù Acc pl: in-kitunguuní. n. Onion, garlic.

in-kiwúó n.pl. Soup. Tɛ́yɨ̀ɛ̀rà nɛ́nâ kiwúó peê áɨ́pɨ̀r. [tɛ́yyɛ̀rà nɛ̀nà kìwwó] Boil that soup so that I stir it. (W).

ɛn-kuashé Variant: en-kwashéì. Nom sg: ɛn-kuáshe. Acc pl: in-kuashên. Nom pl: in-kúáshèn. [Chamus] Acc sg: n-kwɛcîn. n. Potato. Áatapéjô ɛnkúáshé náíròwùà ɛnkʉ́tʉ́k. A hot potato has burnt my mouth. (Pk). Eótò kʉná kúáshèn olêŋ. These potatos are overripe. (W). See: ɔl-mʉrʉŋkʉ́ì ‘Potato’; [North] l-biásɨ̀ ‘Potato’.

n-kúé [North]₂ Nom sg: n-kúé. Acc pl: n-kueshí. Nom pl: n-kúéshì. n.pl. [North] Honey. See: ɛn-áíshó ‘Honey’.

en-kúkùnyèt [West] n. [West] Deeply fried cream. The top cream is skimmed off the fresh milk, which is then boiled and fried. The reddish bits that remain from the deeply fried cream is en-kúkùnyèt.

en-kúkùnyìèt n. Fatty melted meat pieces that have settled to the bottom of a pan. These are cooked (or melted) to render the fat or oil.

n-kunúrù [North] n. [North] Mixture of fried meat and blood. See: ɨ-mʉnɔnɔ́ ‘Mixture of fried meat and blood’.

en-kurmá Nom sg: en-kúrma. Acc pl: in-kurmân. Nom pl: in-kúrmàn. [North] Acc sg: kurumwá. Variant: kurumá. [South] Acc sg: kúrúmá. n. 1 • Place where things have been planted for food; cultivated field, garden. olatúrònì lɛ́ nkurmá digger of the field farmer, tiller.

2 • Flour; maize flour. enkurmá náɨ́bɔ̀rr white maize flour (Pk). enkurmá sikítoi Yellow maize flour. During a time of famine, people came to know of yellow maize flour via relief supplies. enkurmá nárɔ́k Cooked maize flour that has no accompaniment (neither milk, vegetables, nor stew) (lit: flour which is black). enkurmá naidóŋò maize flour which is beaten, milled flour. When used without a modifier, en-kurmá is understood to mean 'maize flour', particularly with reference to the cooked form, i.e. ugali. enkurmá ɛ́ nkánò wheat flour.

3 • Garden.

en-kurmá naidóŋò Ground flour made from grain which one takes to a miller.

in-kurmân n. 1 • n. Fields.

2 • n.prop. Place name of an area southeast of Narok and northwest of Kajiado, Kenya. This is a good area for agriculture. The masculine ilkurmân also refers to this place.

ol-kúrmaní A person from this place; usually used in the plural il-kurmân. These people are typically known as being farmers. See: See synonyms and usage note at fv Þ ɛn-kɔ́p ‘Land, field’; ɛn-tapá ‘Flour’; m-pʉsɛk ‘Flour’.

a-kúrt v.prog tr. 1 • To stir? Fry? Lɔ́ mʉrraní túkùrtò iyíóók peê inyíá nabô. Oh warrior, stir us so that you can eat one of us.

2 • To scoop; poke, gouge out (e.g. an eye).

a-kurtó ɔ́ŋʉ̀ To have one eye socket empty, without an eyeball.

ol-kurtét Nom sg: ol-kúrtèt. Acc pl: il-kurtétà. Nom pl: il-kúrtètà. n. 1 • Piece of wood for stirring thick food, such as ugali (corn mash) or fat meat.

2 • Scratcher; instrument for scratching. See: l-mérísé ‘Stirring stick for ugali’.

n-kuwúó [North] Nom sg: n-kúwùò. n. [North] Soup. Kémelók kʉná kúwùò. This soup is good/sweet. (S). Nkuwúó átámátà ŋolé. It is soup that I took/drank yesterday. (S). See: i-motorí ‘Soup’.

ɛn-kwashé Nom sg: ɛn-kwáshé. Acc pl: in-kwashɛ̂n. Nom pl: in-kwáshèn. [North] Acc sg: n-kwashéì. [Chamus] Acc sg: n-kwɛcîn. n. Potato. Áatapéjô ɛnkwáshé náíròwùà ɛnkʉ́tʉ́k. A hot potato has burnt my mouth. (Pk). CHECK how much the potato is used/known as a food among the Maasai. Where do they come from? See: ɔl-mʉrʉŋkʉ́ì ‘Potato’; l-biásɨ̀ ‘Potato’.

(a)lɛ́₁ Nom pl: lɛ̂. n.pl. Milk; variant used after determiners. Kɛ́ɨ́rówùà kʉná lɛ̂. [kɛ́ɪ́ɾówùà kʊ̀ná ! lɛ́] This milk is hot. Kɛ́bɛbɛ́k kʉná lɛ̂ amʉ̂ ɛ́tɨ́pɨ́kákɨ̀ ɛnkárɛ́. [kʊ̀ná lɛ̀] This milk is diluted because it has water. (W). Eótò nɛnâ lɛ̂. That milk is fermented. (W). áâ kʉnâ lɛ́ ɔ́ ɛnâ áíshíó.. and it is these milks and this wine... Kákùà (a)lɛ́ náòtò? Which milk is fermented? (e.g. out of several calabashes) (W). Íncorú nɛ́ná lɛ́. Give me that milk. (W). Eótò nɛnâ lɛ̂. That milk is fermented. (W). See: kʉlɛ́ ‘Milk’.

ɨ-lɛkát n. Left-overs. See: a-lɛkʉ́ ‘To remain over’.

ɔl-maisurí Nom sg: ɔl-máísurí. Acc pl: ɨl-maisurîn. Nom pl: ɨl-máísurîn. [Chamus] Acc sg: masurí. n. Banana. See: ɔ́l-máríkô ‘Banana’; ndísì [North] ‘Banana’.

ɔl-malenké Nom sg: ɔl-málenké. Acc pl: il-malenkên. Nom pl: il-málenkên. n. Squash.

il-marágwɛ̀ Nom pl: il-máràgwɛ̀ (?). Beans. LING: km recognizes this form, but does not use it. [Chamus] Acc sg: máráágwáí. See: em-póóshóí ‘Beans’; e-sikɔ́riɔ [South] ‘Beans’.

ɔl-marúá Nom sg: ɔl-márua. Acc pl: ɨl-maruaîn ???. Nom pl: ɨl-máruaîn ???. n. Alcoholic beverage (beer, wine, hard liquor, etc). Ɛtɛmɛ́ràtɛ̀ ɨlpáyìàní amʉ̂ étóóko ɔlmarúá. The men got drunk because they took beer. See: ɛn-cɔɨ́ ‘Intoxicant’; ɛn-áíshó ‘Intoxicant’.

l-máwúá [North] n. [North] Local Samburu fermented brew made from honey and possibly cereal.

e-míncí Nom sg: e-mincí. Acc pl: í-míncî. Nom pl: í-míncî. n. Snowpeas.

ɛ-mʉkátɛ̀ Nom sg: ɛ-mʉ́kàtɛ̀. Acc pl: ɨ-mʉkatɛnɨ́. Nom pl: ɨ-mʉ́katɛnɨ́. n. Bread. Ɛtáá mʉsánà ɛná mʉ́kàtɛ̀. This bread has become old. (W). Einyálàtɛ̀ ɨmʉ́katɛnɨ́. These breakds are bad. (W). LING: The singular refers to one loaf of bread or one piece of bread. Etym: > Swahili mukate ‘bread’.

ɨ-mʉnɔnɔ́ Mixture of fried meat and blood. See: l-páùt ‘Meat mixed with blood and fat’.

ɛ-mʉnyán Nom sg: ɛ-mʉ́nyàn. n. 1 • Fine salt, as used at the table. Syn: shímpì ‘Salt’; ɛn-abɛlɨ́ ‘Salt’; ɛn-aɨsʉ́kʉ̀t ‘Salt’; ɛ-makát ‘Salt’.

2 • Salt found on the soil. Cattle like to lick soil that contains this kind of salt and are usually driven to spots where it is found. Syn: em-bolíêî ‘Salt lick’.

ɔl-mushélè [North] Acc sg: mʉshɛ́lɛ̀. [Chamus] Acc sg: mucélè. n. Rice.

naɨláŋà Nom sg: náɨ́laŋa. n. Mixture of fresh milk warmed on the fire, mixed with a smaller amount of blood and sugar; typically given to women who have just given birth.

ndísì [North] Nom sg: ndísî. n. [North] Banana. See: ɔl-maisurí ‘Banana’.

a-nyá v.prog. 1 • To eat sth. chewable. Ányáɨ́tà ɛndáà. I am eating food. (K). Ányɛ́ɨ́tà ~ Ányáɨ́tà ɛndáà. I am eating food. (W). Kɛ́nyɛ́ɨ́tà ndáà. He is eating food. (S). Ágɨ́rà aanyá ɛndáà. I am eating the food. (W). Mɛnyáɨ́ It is not edible (does not taste good, is not well cooked, etc.). Álótú anyá ɛná dáà tɛ̀ náshukúnyè. I will eat this food when I return. (W). Men may not eat food that falls into the class of items consumed as a-nyá in the presence of certain women, such as their mother-in-laws.

2 • To consume, burn. Ɛ́nyá ɛnkɨ́mà ɛnkáŋ The fire will consume the home. Náanyá. It [a fire] burned me.

3 • To spend all. anyá inkíshú To sell all cows. anyá iropiyianí To spend all money.

4 • To discuss (as in a meeting). Nɛ́nyaɨ aké dúóó entúmo. They held a meeting. (lit: They ate the meeting.). LING: a-nyá lacks a perfective form. For the meaning of 'eat', the perfective is formed from the root a-ɨnɔ́s 'to eat, 'which can be used in both perfective and non-perfective forms, or the perfective (á-)tàmà, which exists only in the perfective.

a-nyaɨshɔ́ 1 • To have sexual relations (with a woman).

2 • To eat (intransitive), bite. Míséyìè aké ɛldɛ́ dîâ amʉ̂ ɛnyɛ́ɨ́shɔ̀. Don't disturb that dog because it bites (i.e. it's wild). (W).

a-nyá esúmâsh To be hungry. Náanyâ esúmâsh ŋolé. I felt hungry yesterday. (lit: Hunger ate me yesterday.). Áanyâ esúmâsh tááisérè. I will feel hungry tomorrow. Kínyá esúmâsh? Will you feel hunger?

a-nyá ɔlmʉmâî To take (lit: eat) an oath (done by the one accepting it from the person swearing the oath?). Syn: a-ɨnɔ́s, a-ám ‘To eat’. See: a-ɨnɔ́s ‘To eat’; a-daá ‘To eat’; a-ám ‘To eat’; Támà! ‘Eat it!’.

ɔl-nyɛ́nyai [ɔ̀lnyɛ́nyày] [West] Acc pl: ɨl-nyɛ́nyà. n. Tomato. See: ɔl-nyányai ‘Tomato’.

ɛ-ŋɔrnɔ̂ Variant: ŋorinô. Nom sg: ɛ-ŋɔ́rnɔ̂. Acc pl: ɨ-ŋɔ́rn. Nom pl: ɨ-ŋɔ́rn. Variant: ɨ-ŋɔ̂rn. n. 1 • Ghee, made by boiling milk for about 2 hours.

2 • Butter, made from the fat part of milk by shaking; may or may not be heated. Áshɔ́lɨ́tà ɛŋɔrnɔ̂. I am melting butter. See: ol-arámpâî ‘Cream’; ɛn-kapianá ‘Milk fat’.

e-ó(k) PL: e-ótò. v. 1 • It is ripe. Eó táatá. It is ripe today. (Pk). Ewó ɛlɛ̂ ŋánayíóî amʉ̂ ɛ́tɔ́dɔ́rɔ́. This fruit has ripened because it is red. Kékù olŋánayíóì The fruit will ripen. (K Pk). Kéókù orŋánayíóî. The fruit will ripen. (-K Pk). Káítòk orŋanayíóî. I will make the fruit ripen. Kéítokí olŋanayíóì. The fruit will be made to ripen.

2 • It is be ready to eat (i.e. fully cooked). Kɛ́wɔ̀. The food is ready. (S). Íntoó ɛndáà. Cook the food until ready. LING: This verb is irregula (i) It inflects only for third person. (ii) The infinitive is akú. Compare: ?ɛgɨ́rà ɛndáâ aó 'The food will bleed' vs. ɛgɨ́rà ɛndáâ akú 'The food is ready' (NOT: 'The food will be ready').

3 • It is fermented, coagulated. Usage: milk. Eótò nɛnâ lɛ̂. That milk is fermented. (W). Órè eotô, ɨ́mpɔshá amʉ̂ kɛ́jɨŋ ɛɨlatá. When it coagulates, shake it because fat will be formed. (KS). The milk is nicely ready to drink; not spoiled. This verb cannot be applied to beer.

4 • It is ready. Usage: bees. Eótò ɨlɔ́tɔ̀rɔ̀k. The bees are ready (to be harvested for honey). (W).

a-okú To ripen. See: a-kú; a-okú ‘To ripen’.

ɔl-ɔ́ɨ́kʉ́lʉ́ Nom sg: ɔl-ɔɨkʉlʉ́. n. Part of meat from the chest (between the front legs of) an animal after it has been cooked. It is usually eaten by boys. See: en-kiyíéú ‘Part of animal between the front legs’.

ol-oshoró Nom sg: ol-óshoró. Acc pl: il-oshôr. Nom pl: il-óshòr. n. Porridge.

l-páegî [North] Nom sg: l-páegî. Acc pl: l-páeg. Nom pl: l-paég. n. [North] Maizecob; (one) maize seed; maize plant. Kéísúpàt alɛ́ páegî. This maize is good. (SN). Káshám lpaeg linóno I like your maize. (SN). Kóótò lpaég. The maize is ripe. (SN). See: ɔl-páékí ‘Maize’.

ɔl-páékí Nom sg: ɔl-paekí. Acc pl: ɨl-páɛ̂k. Nom pl: ɨl-paɛ́k. [North] Acc sg: l-páegî. Variant: páègì. n. Maize. Ɛnyɛ́ɨ́tà ɛncɛ́rɛrɛ́t olpáékí. The monkey is eating the maize. (W). Ɛnyɛ́ɨ́tà ɨncɛ́rɛrɛtɨ́ ɨlpáɛ̀k. The monkey is eating the maize. (W).

ɛm-palúà Acc pl: im-paluaní. n. Potato-like fruit of the ol-torotua bush, much loved by elephants.

ɛm-párɛ̂t Nom sg: ɛm-parɛ́t. Acc pl: ɨmparɛta. n. Field, garden. Kórè peê iló amɨ́r inchereretí tɛ̀ mparɛ́t, nírík ɨ́lɔ̂ dîâ sápʉ̀k. [ìlɔ̀] When you go to chase the monkies from the garden, you take that big dog with you. (W). See: ɛm-parnɛt ‘Field’.

im-páretí n.pl. Crops. Ɛshɔmɔ́ ɨnkɛ́râ áàɨ̀màlmàl ɔmɛtáà nɛ́ɨ́nɔ́s inkíshù impáretí ɔɔ́ltʉ̀ŋànàk. The children have gone and played around until the cows ate people's crops. (W).

ɛm-parnɛt n. Field, garden. See: ɛm-parɛt ‘Field’.

l-páùt [North] Nom sg: l-paút. n. [North] Meat mixed with blood and fat. See: ɨ-mʉnɔnɔ́ ‘Meat mixed with blood and fat’.

ol-pejét Nom sg: ol-péjèt. Acc pl: il-pejétà. Nom pl: il-péjèta. n. Temporary meat-roasting place, used for a day.

em-pejét Instrument for roasting. See: l-ɔɨkárr ‘meat-eating place’; ol-pûl ‘meat-eating place’.

ol-pejótì Nom sg: ol-péjòtì. Acc pl: il-pejót. Nom pl: il-péjòt. n. Roasted meat.

ém-pérî Nom sg: ém-pérî. Acc pl: im-pérìn. Nom pl: im-perín. n. Famine. See: ɔl-áméyú ‘Famine, hunger, drought, long dry season’.

em-púkai Nom sg: em-pukáí. Acc pl: im-púkà. Nom pl: im-púkà. n. Vegetables: cabbage, sukuma wiki, etc. LING: The plural may include meat. The singular refers to one leaf, or one bundle of vegetables (e.g. one bundle of sukuma wiki).

púpóí [North] n. [North] Boiled blood. See: m-púpùò [North] ‘Heated dried blood’.

m-púpùò [North] Nom pl: im-púpûô. n. Heated blood mixed with sugar and often some milk, then dried to preserve it for a few days. When dry, it may then be crushed. It is given to children as a treat when their mother gives birth, and as a way for them to "receive" their new sibling. It may also be taken by women who have just given birth or who are newly initiated. It is not taken by older men or warriors. Im-púpùò is generally not used in the singular. But the singular (perhaps em-púpuoi?) would be interpreted as referring to one block or piece. See: ɔ-sárgɛ́ ‘Blood’; ɔ-sáróí ‘Curdled milk mixed with blood’; naɨláŋà ‘Fresh milk mixed with blood’; n-julótì [North] ‘Stirred blood mixed with milk’; n-carlúgì [North] ‘Unstirred blood mixed with milk’; n-tîs [North] ‘Blood mixed with milk and then stirred together’; m-póróí [North] ‘Roasted clotted blood’; púpóí ‘Boiled blood’.

m-pʉsɛk [North] n. [North] Flour. See: en-kurmá ‘Flour’; ɛn-tapá ‘Flour’.

rapátì [North] Nom sg: rápàtì. Acc pl: rapatîn. Nom pl: rápatîn. n. [North] Soup fat that appears on the top level of the liquid. See: ɔl-arámpâî ‘Cream’.

a-rapósh v. To satisfy with food or drink.

a-raposhó v.mid. 1 • To be satisfied with food. ɨ́rrɨ́tá taá táatá intaré metáraposhotó. You herded the sheep and goats until they were satisfied. (Pk). Átárápóshè. I have had enough to eat.

2 • To be pregnant (of unmarried girls or cattle). See: a-áp ‘To get pregnant before circumcision’.

a-rét Causative: -retie. v.prog. v.prog. To help. Kɛ́gɨ́rà ɨlpáyianí áàrèt inkinejí. The men are helping the goats (e.g. to deliver). Kɛ́gɨ́rà ɨlpáyianí áàrèt inkinejí metɔ́tɔní. The men are helping the goats to stay. kárétítò mɛtɔ́lɔ̀pɨ̀shɔ̀. I am helping him to vomit. (e.g. as when someone is ill). Táretokokí ɛnkɛ́ráí ololá. Help the child with the luggage. Kírét ɛnkɨ́tɛ̀ŋ. The cow helps you. (W). Mɨ́kɨ́tárétò ɛnkɨ́tɛ̀ŋ. May the cow help you. (W).

2 • v.prog. To be nutritious. Mérêt ɛndáà. She is thin. (lit: The food does not help her. i.e. She does not become hefty but remains slim.). This does not imply that one is sick, but is a standard expression for a genetic body-type; or it could be due to stress at a certain point in one's life that the person looses weight and stays slim regardless of how much is eaten, as when a man over-stresses his wife. Ɛgɨ́rà ɛntásât aipusíé oloshoró óôk ɨnkɛ́râ peê érêt. The old woman is adding milk to the porridge that the children drink so that it can be nutritious. LING: This verb inflects for causative as a Class II verb.

a-retú To help someone in difficulty. Eretú ɔlpáyian ɛnkɛ́ráɨ́ teŋúdî. The man will help the child using a stick. Táretúókì. Help me (e.g. to understand the meaning of a Maa sentence). Táretú ɛnkɛ́ráí. Help the child.

áà-rètòkìnò To help each other. See: e-rétò ‘Help’; rɔ́nkáí ‘Slim’.

ríríóí Nom sg: riríóí. n.sg. 1 • Sticky sap or substance from a tree (e.g. a gum tree).

2 • Honey without wax. Ríríóí námélók aná. This is the sweet honey. (SN).

ɛ-rɔ́nkáí Nom sg: ɛ-rɔnkáí. Acc pl: ɨ-rɔ́nkɛ́nà. Nom pl: ɨ-rɔnkɛná. n. Piece of defatted meat; piece of fried meat. LING: Plural is the unmarked form.

ɨ-rɔ́nkɛ́nà Nom pl: ɨ-rɔnkɛná. n.pl. Meat left after extracting fat by cooking; fried meat. This kind of meat is a delicacy. See: ɛ-rɔnkáí ‘Piece of defeated meat’; [North] n-káwà ‘Defatted meat’; en-kiriŋó ‘Meat’.

a-rúk v. 1 • To thread, string beads. Túrùkò saé. Make a string of beads. (SN).

2 • To put meat on a stick; skewer.

3 • To pass through an area; patrol. a-rúk ntîm To patrol in the forest.

4 • To flow. Néínepuní ɔlkɛjʉ́ orúkò. They came to a flowing stream of water.

5 • To scrutinize. Kéruk ɨlMaasáɨ́ ɛntálɨ́pá ɛ papaí linó. Maasai scrutinize the historical background of your father. (KS).

a-rút v. 1 • To collect wild honey.

2 • To fleece; obtain an unfair amount of money from. Usage: Metaphorical.

rráŋá [North] Nom sg: rraŋá ??. Acc pl: rráŋân. Nom pl: rraŋán ??. n. [North] Uninvited guest who goes to eat meat he is not welcome to. See: ɔl-arrípònì ‘Uninvited guest’.

ɔ-sáróí Nom sg: ɔ-saróí. n.sg. 1 • Mixture of curdled milk and blood, usually taken as food by newly circumcised young adults. Étóókô ɨlaɨbarták ɔsáróí The newly circumcised young men have drunk the mixture of blood and milk. If blood is stirred vigorously just after it is obtained from an animal, it will not coagulate.

2 • Unripe pus. See: ɔ-sárgɛ́ ‘Blood’; n-julótì ‘Milk mixed with blood’; m-púpóí ‘Unstirred boiled blood’; n-carlúgì ‘Unstirred blood mixed with milk’; n-tîs ‘Blood mixed with milk and then stirred together’; m-póróí ‘Roasted clotted blood’.

sóít lɛ́ nkɨ́má [òsóít lɛ́ ! ŋkɪ́má] Nom sg: soít lɛ́ nkɨ́má. Acc pl: i-soitó lɛ́ nkɨ́má. Nom pl: i-sóìtò lɛ́ nkɨ́má. n. Cooking stone. Ɛ́ncɔ̀m ɛ́yakɨ́ ɛndâ tásàt ɔmɔ́nɨ̀ isoitó lɛ́ nkɨ́má. Go and get cooking stones for that newly-arrived woman. (Pk). Three stones are arranged for cooking, inside the ɛnkají 'house', when a woman builds her house.

somít Spoiled milk.

e-súàtɛ̀ Nom sg: e-súátɛ̀. Acc pl: i-suátɛn. Nom pl: i-súatɛ́n. n. 1 • Resin from the ɔl-ŋosua tree.

2 • Long thin piece of meat.

ɔ-sʉ́àtɛ̀ Castrated male sheep or goat, ripe for slaughter. Usage: poetic.

subúrìà [North] n. [North] Metal pot, cooking pot. Etym: < Swahili sufuria ‘Pot’. See: en-téreét ‘Pot’; e-motí ‘Cooking pot’.

ɛ-sʉkárì Nom sg: ɛ-sʉ́kàrì. n.sg. Sugar. Ɨmpɨ́saí ajá ɛsʉ́kàrì? How much is sugar?

ɛ-sʉ́màsh Nom sg: e-sʉ́másh. [South] Acc sg: e-súmày. [West] Nom sg: ɛ-sʉ́mâsh. n. Hunger. Kɛ́ata oshî ɔltʉ́ŋání óìŋùàà shoó esʉ́màsh. A person who comes from herding is mostly hungry. (lit: A person who comes from herding usually has hunger.). Nétùm ɨnkɛ́râ (taábu) ɛsʉ́màsh sápʉ̀k. The children were very hungry. Ɛkáyíéú ɛndáà amʉ̂ káátà ɛsʉ́màsh. I want food because I am hungry. (Pk). Áànyàɨ̀tà ɛsʉ́mâsh. I am feeling hungry. (W) (lit: Hunger is eating me.). Kɨ́nyá ɛsʉ́mâsh? Will you feel hunger? (W). See: ɔl-áméyú ‘Hunger’; [North] n-kɔlɔ́ŋ ‘Hunger’; ɛn-kʉrɛ́ ‘Thirst’.

ɛ-sʉ́nyáí₁ Nom sg: ɛ-sʉnyáí. Acc pl: ɨ-sʉ́nyà. Nom pl: ɨ-sʉ́nyâ. n. 1 • Fat piece of meat. Ɨ́ncɔ̀ɔ̀ ɛnâ títo esúrééí nɨ́mɨncɔ ɛsʉ́nyáí amʉ̂ kɛ́rɨk. Give this girl a lean piece of meat and not a fatty piece, because she will nauseate after eating the latter. (Pk).

2 • Fat, e.g. from the chest of a sheep, goat, or any other animal whose meat the Maasai eat. Ɨ́ncɔ̀ɔ̀ kʉnâ kɛ́rà ɛsúnyáí ɔ́ lkâr peê èpùò àŋ. Give these children fat so that they can go home. The fat meat from the chest of a sheep is usually given to small children when an animal is slaughtered. The fat together with the root of the ol-kiloriti 'acacia-tree' is given as a medicine to those suffering from a venereal disease.

e-súrééí Nom sg: e-sureéí. Acc pl: i-sureení. Nom pl: i-súreení. n. 1 • Dried meat, biltong. See: a-isureén ‘To cut up meat and dry the pieces’.

2 • Lean, thin meat from the limbs or neck of a slaughtered animal. Eitáyiokí isureení tenébó ilóìk owókìè ɛntɔmɔnɔní imotorí. Lean thin meats, along with bones, have been prepared for soup for the woman who has just given birth. Ɨ́ncɔ̀ɔ̀ ɛnâ títo esúrééí nɨ́mɨncɔ ɛsʉ́nyáí amʉ̂ kɛ́rɨk. Give this girl a lean piece of meat and not a fatty piece, because she will nauseate after eating the latter. (Pk).

3 • Thin meat from an emanciated cow/sheep/goat, poor-quality meat. Usage: colloquial.

o-súrééí Lump of meat.

a-sureén v. To cut up meat. See: a-isureén ‘To cut up and dry meat pieces’.

shâî Nom sg: form listed above. kk clearly has two moras in this word.. n. Tea. Ɛbɛbɛ́k ɛná shái olêŋ. This tea is very weak/think. (W). Átóókò ɛnâ sháì ŋolé. I drank this tea yesterday. (W).

shaŋáa Nom sg: sháŋaá. Acc pl: in-caŋaaní. Nom pl: in-cáŋaaní. n. Very strong, locally-distilled liquor, made from maize, sugar, etc., like whisky; moonshine. Usage: negative. Kéokí shaŋáa. The whiskey will be drunk. Kɛ́pɨ́ ɛná sháŋaá. This whiskey is strong.

shímpì Nom sg: shímpî. Acc pl: in-címpiî. Nom pl: in-címpií. [West] Acc sg: shʉmpɨ. n. Salt. Éísidai ɛndáâ náíshàmʉ̀ shímpì. Food that tastes salty is good. Etym: ‘Salt’. Syn: ɛ-mʉnyán ‘Salt’; ɛn-abɛlɨ́ ‘Salt’; ɛn-aɨsʉ́kʉ̀t ‘Salt’; ɛ-makát ‘Salt’; em-bolíêî ‘Salt lick’.

shʉmpɨ n. Salt. See: shɨ́mpɨ̀ ‘Salt’.

ɛn-tapá Nom sg: ɛn-tápà. Acc pl: ɨn-tapân. Nom pl: ɨn-tápàn. n. Flour. See: en-kurmá ‘Flour’; m-pʉsɛk ‘Flour’.

ɔl-tápʉ́ʉt Nom sg: ɔl-tapɔʉ́t. Acc pl: ɨltapʉʉtɨ́. Nom pl: ɨltápʉʉtɨ́. n. Structure constructed in a tree to store meat away from animals, used by warriors in the bush; arboreal meat cache.

n-tasá [North] [North] Nom sg: n-tásà. n. [North] Leaves laid down for placing meat on top of after roasting. See: ɛn-áráá ‘Leaves to lay meat on top of’.

en-teré Nom sg: en-térè. Acc pl: in-terên. Nom pl: in-térèn. n. n. Trough.

2 • n. Mortar. Etym: See Proto-Kalenjin *ter(et) 'clay pot'. Syn: ɛ-mʉharátɛ̀ ‘Trough’; em-peút ‘Trough’. See: en-téreét ‘Pot; mortar; trough’.

en-téreét Nom sg: en-téreét. Acc pl: ɨn-tereetí. Nom pl: ɨn-téreetí. n. 1 • Pot. See: subúrìà ‘Pot’.

2 • Mortar. Shɔ́mɔ̀ íyaʉ́ enteré peê eidoŋíékì isekétèk lɨkɨncɔ́rɨ̀. Go and bring a mortar for the grinding of traditional medicine that will be given to you. (Pk). See: en-kídóŋét ‘Mortar’; en-kiurí ‘Mortar’; l-kɨ́cɔ́pɛ́t ‘Mortar’.

3 • Trough for feeding cattle salt. Ɛ́ncɔ̀m ɛntɨ́pɨ́k enteré ɛmákát peê ɛnyɛ́ ɨntárè. Go put salt in the trough for sheep and goats to lick. (Pk). See: en-teré ‘Trough’; em-peút ‘Trough’.

ol-turúnkì n. Tea without milk.

a-yɨ́k₂ v. To overcook. Ɛ́ɨ́torrónô ɛncɔlatá ɛ́nà ɨ́látá amʉ̂ ɛ̀yɨ̀kà. The melting of this fat is bad because it is overcooked. (Pk).

a-yíár [North] v. [North] To cook. See: a-yɨ́ɛ́r ‘To cook’.

a-yiarakɨ́ v. To cook for. Ɛgɨ́rà ɛntásât ayiarakɨ́ ɨnkɛ́rà ɛndáà. The old woman is cooking food for the children. (Pk). See: a-yɨ́ɛ́r ‘To cook’.

ɛ-yíárárɛ́ n. Cooking. Ɛɨdɨpakɨ́ ɛyiararɛ The cooking is complete. (Pk). See: a-yɨ́ɛ́r ‘To cook’; ɛ-yíárátá ‘To cook’.

ɛ-yíárátá n. Cooking. See: a-yɨ́ɛ́r ‘To cook’; ɛ-yíárárɛ́ ‘To cook’.

a-yɨ́ɛ́r Variant: a-yíér. [North]: a-yíár. [North]: iyɨ̂rr. [Chamus]: iyɨ̂r. v.prog. 1 • To cook (in any fashion except roasting over an open fire). Ɛyɨɛrɨ́tà enkítòk ɛndáà naɨshɔ́ ɨlɔmɔ́n. The woman is cooking food to give to the visitors. Ɛyɨ́ɛ́rà ɨnkiríŋ. The meats are cooked already. (A). a-yɨ́ɛ́r ɛndáà to cook food. Káyɨ́ɛ́rɨ́tà. I am cooking. (frying, boiling, in oven, in suferia) (SN). Kɛ́tɛ̀yɨ̀àrà nkírí ɛɨtʉ́ épêj. She cooked (boiled) the meat; she didn't roast it. (SN). Kɛ́yɨ́árà. It is cooked. / It is cooking. (SN). Ɨ́tɛ́yɨ́árà ŋolé. You cooked it yesterday. (SN). Usage: a-yɨ́ɛ́r covers any kind of cooking (frying, boiling, baking), other than roasting over an open flame.. LING: There is a strong tendency to harmonize the root vowel /ɛ/ with a following /a/, resulting in /yɨar/. LING: TM 281 writes the word as a-yíér. Middle forms, nominalization, etc. indicate that it is a -ATR root; however, the perfective/causative vowel harmony does not appear to be entirely -ATR.

a-yierú To make sth. from cooking (e.g. ghee from milk). Ɛtɨ́ráɨ́ áàyìèrù ɛɨlátá. Fat is being made from meat (by cooking the meat). (Pk). See: a-ɨtɔ́k ‘To cook fully, boil’; a-péj ‘To roast’; a-itokitokíé ‘To boil’; a-isúí ‘To singe’; a-irowuajé ‘To warm’.