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Publications: Math Ability/Performance:
Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT)

  1. Hearing on Bender Bias in Testing, October 1989, Washington, DC, cosponsored by the National Women’s Law Center and the National Commission on Testing and Public Policy
  2. Gender Bias in College Admissions Tests, Fairtest, August 20, 2007
  3. T. Andreescu, J. A. Gallian, J. M. Kane, and J. E. Mertz, Cross-cultural analysis of students with exceptional talent in mathematical problem solving, Notices of the American Math. Society 55 no. 10 (2008), 1248 - 1260.
    (abstract)    Download pdf file.
  4. C. P. Benbow and J. Stanley, Sex differences in mathematical ability: Fact or artifact?, Science 210 (1980), 1262- 1264.
    (abstract)     Download pdf file.
  5. C. P. Benbow and J. Stanley, Sex differences in mathematical ability: More facts, Science 222 (1983), 1029 - 1031. Download pdf file.
  6. B. Bridgeman and C. Wendler, Gender differences in predictors of college mathematics performance and in college mathematics course grades, Journal of Educational Psychology 83 no. 2 (1991), 275-284.
    (abstract)
  7. M. B. Casey, R. Nuttall, E. Pezaris, and C. P. Benbow, The influence of spatial ability on gender differences in mathematics college entrance test scores across diverse samples, Developmental Psychology 31 no. 4 (1995), 697-705.
    (abstract)
  8. A. M. Gallagher and R. D. Lisi, Gender differences in Scholastic Aptitude Test-Mathematics problem solving among high-ability students, Journal of Educational Psychology 86 no. 2 (1994), 208-213.
    (abstract)
  9. J. S. Hyde, E. Fennema, and S. J. Lamon, Gender Differences in Mathematics Performance: A Meta-analysis: Part 1 of 2, Association for Women in Mathematics Newsletter 21 3, ( May/June 1991), 20 - 27 (reprinted by permission from the Psychological Bulletin 1990, vol. 107, no. 2, 139-155).
  10. J. S. Hyde, E. Fennema, and S. J. Lamon, Gender Differences in Mathematics Performance: A Meta-analysis: Part 2 of 2, Association for Women in Mathematics Newsletter 21 4, (July/August 1991), 20 - 23 (reprinted by permission from the Psychological Bulletin 1990, vol. 107, no. 6, 139-155).
  11. D. K. Leonard, J. Jiang, Gender Bias and the College Predictions of the SATs:A Cry of Despair, Research in Higher Education, Vol. 40, Issue 4 (1999), 375-407.
    (abstract)
  12. M. V. Jackson, SATs Ratify White Male Privilege, Association for Women in Mathematics Newsletter, 20 5(September/October 1990), 9 - 10 (reprinted by permission from The [CCNY] City College Alumnus, vol. 85, no. 1 (Winter 1990); article was written in response to 1989 NY Times Op-Ed piece, “Numbers Don’t Lie: Men Do Better Than Women” by Steven Goldberg)
  13. B. Mandula, Is the SAT Unfair to Women?, Association for Women in Science Newsletter, 20 3 (May-June 1990), 17-18.
  14. L. D. Miller, C. E. Mitchell, and M. V. Ausdall, Evaluating achievement in mathematics: exploring the gender biases of timed testing, Education 114 no. 3 (1994), 436-438.
    (abstract)
  15. M. Nierderle and L. Vesterlund, Explaining the Gender Gap ins Mathematics Test Scores: The Role of Competition, Journal of Economic Perspectives, vol. 24, no. 2 (Spring 2010), 129-144.
  16. P. Rosser, The SAT gender gap: Identifying the causes, Center for the Study of Women Policy Studies, Washington, D.C., 1989.
  17. E. M. Rudisill, Jr. and L. J. Morrison, Sex differences in mathematics achievement: an emerging case for physiological factors, School Science and Mathematics 89 no. 7 (1989), 571-577.
  18. M. B. Ruskai, More Comments on the Math SAT Gender Gap, Newsletter of the Association for Women in Mathematics, 21 2 (March-April 1991), 16-18.
  19. R. Segal, Better to Be Lucky than Good:The Persistent Gender Gap in Standardized Testing, Education Week, March 21, 2016.
  20. K. R. Sheehan and M. W. Gray, Sex bias in the SAT and the DTMS. (Descriptive Tests of Mathematics Skills), The Journal of General Psychology 119 no. 1 (1992), 5-14.
  21. V. Strauss, The serious problem with 2014 SAT scores, The Washington Post, October 10, 2014.
  22. H. Wainer and L. S. Steiberg, Sex differences in performance on the mathematics section of the Scholastic Aptitude Test: a bidirectional validity study, Harvard Educational Review 62 no. 3 (1992), 323-336.
    (abstract)
  23. J. Wai, D. Lubinski, C.P. Benbow, Sex differences in the right tail of cognitive abilities: A 30 year examination, Intelligence 38 (2010), 412 - 423.