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Grammar and Style Guide


Contents

  • Foreword
  • Introduction
  • Manuscript Preparation
  • Getting Under Way
  • Academics
  • Abbreviations
  • Capitalization
  • Punctuation
  • Using the Dictionary
  • Numbers
  • Plurals
  • Usage
  • Troublesome Terms
  • Copyediting
  • Proofreading
  • Policy Statement on Equal Opportunity
  • Facts about the University of Oregon
  • Thank you!


    Academics

    Abbreviations and Acronyms
    Spell out the first reference to any university group or program.
    In subsequent references, phrases such as the committee or the center are preferable to abbreviations or acronyms, which are
    often ambiguous.

    Here are two ambiguous abbreviations:

      CIS
      Department of Computer and Information Science or 
      Career Information System

      IFC
      Interfraternity Council or Incidental Fee Committee

    Resist the temptation to create new acronyms. Although the acronym itself might be easy to remember, figuring out what it stands for can be mind-boggling.

    Academic Rank
    Not all faculty members are professors. When the academic rank of a faculty member is mentioned in a UO publication, use the official, university-conferred rank—one of the following:

      professor
      associate professor
      assistant professor
      senior instructor
      instructor
      lecturer
      senior research associate
      research associate
      senior research assistant
      research assistant
      postdoctoral fellow
      graduate teaching fellow
      graduate research fellow
      fellow

    Acting, adjunct, courtesy, emerita or emeritus, or visiting may also be part of the official academic title. The University of Oregon Faculty Handbook, produced by the Office of Academic Affairs, defines each of these designations. Don't capitalize general references to academic rank or title. See also Capitalization.

    Often you don't need to list academic rank at all. Perhaps the faculty member's administrative title (e.g., assistant to the dean) would serve your purpose better. Or you can show the UO affiliation by using such verbs as teaches, conducts, or directs rather than a title.

    Administrative Titles
    Refer to people who oversee academic or administrative units as follows:

      ACADEMIC OR
      ADMINISTRATIVE UNIT
       
      TITLE
      area

      center

      college

      committee

      department

      institute

      museum

      office

      professional school

      program

      vice presidency

      coordinator

      director

      dean

      chair

      head

      director

      director

      director

      dean

      director

      vice president


    When someone is filling in for an administrator who is temporarily on leave, the correct title is acting. When someone is filling in while a permanent replacement is being sought, the correct title is interim.

    Don't hyphenate the following titles:

      vice chair
      vice chancellor
      vice president
      vice provost

    When someone is filling in for an administrator who is temporarily on leave, the correct title is acting. When someone is filling in while a permanent replacement is being sought, the correct title is interim.

    Don't hyphenate the following titles:

      vice chair
      vice chancellor
      vice president
      vice provost

    Academic and Administrative Units
    Both tradition and sensitivity to language govern the naming of academic and administrative units. The two types aren't mutually exclusive, of course; they're categorized here according to their primary functions.

    The Oregon University System must approve the naming, or renaming, of academic and administrative units. Sometimes the council delegates authority for approving name changes to the university president or a vice president. Until such approval has
    been received in writing, a proposed name should not appear in
    UO publications. Doing so invites confusion about when the change
    takes effect, at best, and at worst, embarrassment and liability if
    the proposed name is not approved.

    It is especially important to note that specific criteria must be met before the name center or institute can be applied to an organization in the Oregon University System; these criteria are available in the Office of the Provost.

    Tradition 
    Traditionally, academic units are called colleges or schools, departments or programs, and occasionally areas. Already-existing exceptions should be regarded as anomalies rather than as models.

      Charles H. Lundquist College of Business
      School of Music
      Department of Planning, Public Policy and Management
      Ethnic Studies Program

    Administrative units are usually offices or services, centers or institutes, museums, or libraries.

      Office of Academic Advising
      Office of Resource Management
      Career Center
      Center for the Study of Women in Society
      Chemical Physics Institute
      Institute of Molecular Biology
      Museum of Natural History
      Oregon Humanities Center
      Printing and Mailing Services
      University of Oregon Libraries (Knight Library is the name of a building)

    Sensitivity 
    Use brevity, sensitivity to word meanings and connotations, and common sense as guiding principles.

    In general, the shorter the better.

    Don't make up a name to fit a clever abbreviation or acronym. See also Abbreviations and Acronyms at the beginning of Academics.

    Don't use ampersands (&) or slashes (/). See Punctuation.

    Walk the fine line between outdated language and the latest fad.

    Think carefully about what the words say and imply.

    Affirmative Action and Equal Opportunity
    An approved version of the university's affirmative-action and equal-opportunity statement appears on all university publications. Creative Publishing can provide you with acceptable versions of this statement. See also Policy Statement on Equal Opportunity.

    Alumni

      singular: alumna refers to a woman; alumnus refers to a man

      plural: alumnae refers to women only; alumni refers to men or to women and men

    Making sure the apostrophe turns the right direction, state the year an alumnus or alumna received a bachelor's degree like this:

      Thomas Morales ’63

    For graduate degrees alone or for both undergraduate and graduate degrees, include the abbreviations with periods:

      Alexis Udall, Ph.D. ’77
      Thomas Morales ’63, M.A. ’67, J.D. ’74

    Catalogs
    The publications that list official University of Oregon academic policies and requirements, faculty members, and courses are called catalogs.

    The master course list maintained in the Office of the Registrar's Banner system is also referred to as the catalog. It contains a record of course changes and fluctuating details such as instructors' names and grade options for majors.

    Classes
    Classes is closer in meaning to sections than to courses. There may be several classes or sections of Japan, Past and Present, but there's only one course at the University of Oregon in HIST 192 Japan, Past and Present.

    Course Listings

    See current UO catalogs (general, summer session, law) for correct order and style for listing course information such as subject code and number, title, credit, and grading option. Because styles may vary in each type of catalog, consult the UO catalog unless the subject of your writing is directly related to the summer session or to the School of Law.

    Course Work
    Course work is two words. See also Classes above.

    Credit
    In general, use credits rather than credit hours, hours, term credits, quarter credits, or term hours. When you must distinguish between a quarter system and a semester system, use quarter credits and semester credits. See also Term, later in this section.

    Write the number of credits in figures unless it begins a sentence; spell out the number of credits if it's the first element in a sentence.

      This course is worth 3 credits.
      Four-credit courses are now the norm.

    Degrees
    Don't capitalize general references to degrees.

      The University of Oregon offers bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees.

      The College of Arts and Sciences offers the bachelor of arts, bachelor of science, master of arts, master of science, master of fine arts, and doctor of philosophy degrees.

    The University of Oregon is authorized to offer the following degrees. Use periods in degree abbreviations.

      Bachelor's Degrees

      B.A.

      B.Arch.

      B.Ed.

      B.F.A.

      B.I.Arch.

      B.L.A.

      B.Mus.

      B.S.

      bachelor of arts

      bachelor of architecture

      bachelor of education

      bachelor of fine arts

      bachelor of interior architecture

      bachelor of landscape architecture

      bachelor of music

      bachelor of science


      Master's Degrees

      M.A.

      M.Actg.

      M.Arch.

      M.B.A.

      M.C.R.P.

      M.Ed.

      M.F.A.

      M.H.R.I.R.


      M.I.Arch.

      M.L.A.

      M.Mus.

      M.P.A.

      M.S.

      M.S.E.

      master of arts

      master of accounting

      master of architecture

      master of business administration

      master of community and regional planning

      master of education

      master of fine arts

      master of human resources and industrial relations

      master of interior architecture

      master of landscape architecture

      master of music

      master of public administration

      master of science

      master of software engineering


      Doctoral Degrees

      D.Ed.

      D.M.A.

      J.D.

      Ph.D.

      doctor of education

      doctor of musical arts

      doctor of jurisprudence

      doctor of philosophy

    In general, the title Doctor or Dr. is reserved for people holding medical degrees (e.g., M.D., D.D.S., D.V.M.).

    For academic doctorates, use the academic rank or, simply, Mr. or Ms. for addresses on letters—unless you know the addressee
    prefers Miss or Mrs. If it's important to show someone's academic degree, put the degree after the name (Brenda Sohappy, Ph.D.).
    In text, give the title of a faculty or staff member or student the first time you mention the person's name; thereafter, just use the surname.

    Emeriti
    Emerita and emeritus are honorary titles, denoting retirement, that follow a faculty member's academic rank. The titles may be used only after official notification from the provost. Academic emeriti are listed in UO catalogs throughout their lives. When given after names, titles aren't capitalized. See also Capitalization.

      singular:

      plural:

      emerita refers to a woman; emeritus refers to a man

      emeritae refers to women only; emeriti refers to men or to women and men


      Alice Anderson, professor emerita of Romance languages

      Liang Wu, professor emeritus of art history

      How many professors emeritae belong to the American Association of University Women?

      How many professors emeriti are there at the University of Oregon?

    Faculty
    See the UO catalog for correct order and style in listing credentials of UO instructional faculty members.

    Faculty is a singular noun and requires a singular verb unless there's more than one faculty. It refers to a collective body of people.

      The university faculty is large and vocal.

      but: 
      The faculties at the University of Oregon, Oregon State University, and Portland State University differ greatly.


    Use faculty member (singular) or faculty members (plural) to refer to individuals.

      Consult your adviser or another faculty member in your department.

      The advisory group consists of four faculty members and one student.


    Grade Point Average
    Use two digits after the decimal when stating a grade point average (GPA):

      2.50 (not 2.5)

      4.00 (not 4.0)


    Grades
    Courses are graded A, B, C, D, F, P (pass), or N (no pass). A plus or minus may be added to the letter grades A, B, C, D. A mid -C is a grade of C without a plus or minus.

    Honors
    (H) following a course number indicates honors credit for undergraduate students.

    Semester
    Use semester as the general reference to any academic semester at the School of Law.

    Sequence
    A sequence is two or more courses that must be taken in sequential, usually numerical, order. Don't use sequence to mean academic program or core courses

    Staff
    Staff is a singular noun and requires a singular verb unless there's more than one staff. Like faculty, it refers to a collective body of people.

      Welcome to our staff.

      Some staffs have thirty employees, some only one.

    Use staff member (singular) or staff members (plural) to refer to individuals.

      Do you need one staff member or two this weekend?

      Our staff members are always ready to help you.

    Subject Codes
    Subject codes are capitalized without internal spaces. An alphabetical list of all UO subject codes appears in the UO catalog.

      CDS

      COLT

      EMS

      GEOL

      communication disorders and sciences

      comparative literature

      exercise and movement science

      geological sciences


    Term

    Use term as the general reference to each of the first three academic sessions—fall, winter, spring—at the UO. Don't capitalize names of these terms. The fourth academic session is called summer session. Capitalize summer session only when referring to the Summer Session office.

      On the quarter system the academic year is divided into four parts: fall term, winter term, spring term, and summer session.

      but: 
      The Summer Session office is open Monday through Friday.


    University of Oregon
    Spell out the first reference to the University of Oregon. Use the UO, Oregon, or the university to abbreviate subsequent references.

    Refrain from wordplay that trivializes the institution and sacrifices clarity to cleverness. Also unacceptable are Univ. of Ore., U of O, U. of O., U.O., and the University


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