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LING150/University of Oregon |
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1.
a. Metonymy - the name for the object is extended to the event which occurs near it in time and space but there is no implication that the object and event resemble each other.
b. Metaphor - a physical object or result is seen as resembling mental control
c. Metonymy - the name of a body part is extended to the whole person; compare with f.
d. Metaphor - a physical act (eg. of loosening a tangle of string) is seen as resembling a mental act (eg. of untangling or "loosening" a problem)
e. Metonymy - the name of an object is extended to an object used along with it
f. Metaphor - the opening to the cave is seen a resembling the opening to the body; compare with c.
g. Metonymy - the description of an article of clothing is used to name a person who characteristically wears that type of clothing; there is no implication that the person looks like or functions like the clothing;
2.
a. Narrowing
the older meaning still survives is a few phrases, eg. "old wives' tale"
b. Widening
c. Amelioration
d. Narrowing
e. Degeneration
f. Widening
g. Narrowing
h. Widening
i. Degeneration
j. Narrowing
the older meaning survives in words like "sweetmeat" and "nutmeat"
3.
a. democracy
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dem / |
(o) / |
crac / |
-y |
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'people' |
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'govern' |
NOUN |
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'government by the people' | |||
b. agnostic
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a- / |
gnos / |
(t) / |
-ic |
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'not,without' |
'know' |
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ADJ |
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'not knowing' | |||
c. euphemism
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eu / |
phe / |
(m) / |
-ism |
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'well,good' |
'speak,spoken about' |
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NOUN |
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'something good said about something' | |||
d. traditional
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tra / |
dit / |
-ion |
-al |
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'across,through' |
'give' |
NOUN |
ADJ |
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'pertaining to something given across (i.e. handed over)' | |||
e. primogeniture
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prim / |
(o) / |
gen / |
(it) / |
-ure |
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'first,foremost' |
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'birth,type,origin' |
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NOUN |
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'the one who is born first' | ||||
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