Divisions

Sparta

Athens

Magistrates

kings-2 hereditary monarchs; leaders in war
ephors- in classical period 5 elected ‘guardians

archons; board of 9; annually elected
strategoi =  in classical period annually elected one from each tribe

Council

Gerousia = ‘elders’; elected for life

Areopagus: all former archons
Boulé= Council of 400 (Solon, 100 from each of four tribes; prepares legislation

Boulé  = Council of 500 (Cleisthenes, 50 from each tribe; election and lot; prepares legislation; emergency boad

Demos = citizen-soldiers
source of sovereignty; also as court

Apella: assembly of homoioi = ‘equals’
Vote, but no deliberation.

Ecclesia = assembly of all male citizen-soldiers; deliberative; can be assembled as court = heliaeai

Citizens but no franchise

Women, children

Women, children

Others = non citizens

Perioeci: ‘dwellers around’; military service, but no vote
Helots: analogous to serfs, tied to land; no rights

Metics = non resident aliens; taxed and must serve in military;
Slaves = property of owner, but protected from some abuses.