EMS 410-510
Lecture 13
Treatment of
Hypertension (cont.); Intro to Diabetes
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Today we
covered:
Treatment of
hypertension
Intro to
Diabetes
- Types of
diabetes
- Incidence
- Treatment
- Complication
- Acute Response to
Exercise
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Treatment of
Hypertension
Intro to
Diabetes
Prevalence
- 15.7 million cases in
U.S.
- 10.3 million
diagnosed
- 5.4 million
undiagnosed
- 90-95% of all cases are type II
diabetes
Types of diabetes
- Type I: Beta cell destruction by
autoimmune process leads to insulin deficiency
- Type II: Varying degrees of
insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. (Not just an
‘adult’ disease)
Diagnostic Criteria (1 of 3 Must Be
Met):
- Fasting glucose > or = 126
mg•dL-1
- Symptoms of diabetes (polyuria,
polydipsia, weight loss) plus ‘casual’ BG > or = 200
mg•dL-1
- 2-hr glucose > or = 200
mg•dL-1 during OGTT w/ 75 g glucose
Treatment
Treatment
- Oral agents
- Insulin injection (20-30% of type
IIs)
- Dietary modification (CHO
counting)
- Glucose
monitoring
- Weight loss
- Stress management
- Exercise
Complication
Acute Response to
Exercise:
- Enhanced muscle glucose uptake
(decrease bG)
- Enhanced insulin sensitivity
(Those w/ insulin resistance may have only 35-40% of the glucose
uptake expected for a given level of plasma insulin) . Be able to
interpret the graph below given the discussion we had in class.
Can you define "insulin sensitivity"?
- May persist 12-24 hours
post-exercise
