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JESUS AND THE GOSPELS

 


"What about you, who do you say that I am?"

--Mark 8:29

REL 317, Fall 2009 
4 credits (crn 15826)
MW 12-1:50 pm
105 ESL

Professor: Daniel K. Falk
Office hours 834 PLC: MW 3-4 pm
or by appointment
Tel: 346-4980; Email: dfalk@uoregon.edu
Web page: http://uoregon.edu/~dfalk

COURSE DESCRIPTION 

The course will consider the early evidence for Jesus, including the canonical as well as non-canonical gospels. We will ask how much the historian is able to reconstruct of Jesus using historical method, what the limits of this investigation are, and how relevant the task is. We will consider and evaluate a few of the different scholarly reconstructions of the historical Jesus.

 

COURSE REQUIREMENTS

1. Required Reading: The textbooks will be available for purchase at the University bookstore. The tests will be based on readings as well as lectures.

  • Aland, Kurt. Synopsis of the Four Gospels: English Edition. American Bible Society, 1985 (ISBN 9780826705006)
  • Borg, Marcus and N. T. Wright. The Meaning of Jesus: Two Visions. HarperOne, 2000, (ISBN 9780060608767)
  • Stanton, Graham. The Gospels and Jesus. 2nd edition. Oxford University Press, 2002. (ISBN 9780199246168)

You will also need to read some texts online, indicated in the course outline (see also the list at the bottom of this page, with other online resources).

 

2. Written work :

A. One essay paper, 4 pages
Borg and Wright both wrestle with the relationship between faith and history in their research on the historical Jesus. In what ways do they differ in their conclusions about the importance of the "historical Jesus" to the life of faith? What starting assumptions and methods do they share in common, and how are they different? How does this affect their conclusions? Which of the arguments do you find more compelling and why?
B. THREE Textual Assignments. All students are to do assignment #1, and to choose TWO further assignments. Each should be 3 pages. These are to be based on close readings of the primary sources only, and statements are to be supported by observations in the text. The topics are listed at the link below; a sign-up sheet will be circulated in class during the first 2 weeks.
Topics: http://uoregon.edu/~dfalk/courses/jesus/assignments.htm

3. Examination: There will be one take-home mid-term exam (10%) and a final examination (30%), which will be both short answer and essay format. Bring 2 green books to the final.

4. Participation and attendance: essential and expected. Students will be called on to discuss the readings. Unexcused absences will incur grade penalty.

GRADING
essay: 20%
assignments (10, 15, 15): 30%
Take-home Mid-Term exam: 10%
final examination: 30%

Course Calendar

9/30    Introduction: search for the historical Jesus

Read: Stanton ch. 1

            Studying the Gospels: What is a Gospel?; Methods and Theories

            Read: Stanton ch. 2

 

10/5    Mark

            Read: Mark  www.utoronto.ca/religion/synopsis; Read: Stanton ch. 3

 

10/7    Matthew, Luke

            Read: Matthew, Luke  www.utoronto.ca/religion/synopsis; Read: Stanton ch. 4, 5

 

10/12  John

            Read: John www.utoronto.ca/religion/synopsis; Read: Stanton ch. 6

 

10/14  Other Gospels; (Dr. David Reis; Prof. Falk away at conference)

Read: Stanton ch. 7

Read at http://www.earlychristianwritings.com/:

Gospel of Thomas, Gospel of Peter, Gospel of Judas, Gospel of Mary, Infancy Gospel of Thomas, Infancy Gospel of James, Oxyrhynchus 840 Gospel

Gospel of the Hebrews, Gospel of the Ebionites, Gospel of the Nazoreans,

Gospel of the Egyptians, Gospel of Mary, Secret Book of James,

Secret Mark, Egerton Gospel, Sophia of Jesus Christ, Dialogue of the Savior

Also read the ancient Jewish accounts of Jesus: ccat.sas.upenn.edu/~humm/Topics/JewishJesus/

 

10/19  Q, Signs Gospel, Paul

Read: “Q” Gospel

http://www.cygnus-study.com/pageq.html

“Signs” Gospel http://www.gospels.net/translations/signstranslation.html

Paul's testimony about Jesus: darkwing.uoregon.edu/~dfalk/courses/jesus/paul.htm

 

10/21  Jesus in Context

Read Stanton ch. 8

Read: “The Roman World of Jesus” www.uncc.edu/jdtabor/overview-roman-world.html

“The Jewish World of Jesus”: www.uncc.edu/jdtabor/jewishworldjesus.html

Josephus on the “Robber War,” 4 BCE uoregon.edu/~dfalk/courses/jesus/bandits.htm

            Assessing the Evidence

            Read Stanton ch. 9

 

 NB: from here on do your readings in the Synopsis of the Four Gospels

 

10/26  Jesus as Charismatic: ASSIGNMENT 1 DUE

Read: Stanton ch. 10
Read the accounts of John the Baptist in the following sources: Matthew 3:1-17/Mark 1:2-11/Luke 3:1-20; Mark 6:14-29; compare the description of John the Baptist in the hypothetical, reconstructed Signs Gospel
(ch. 1:6-34, at http://www.gospels.net/translations/signstranslation.html) with the context in the gospel of John chapter 1 (1:6-7, 15, 19-34). Also Mark 9:9-13; Matthew 11:2-19; 17:9-13.
Also read the call narratives: Mark 1:14-22/Matthew 4:18-22/Luke 5:1-11; John 1:35-51; Signs Gospel
(ch. 1:35-49 at http://www.gospels.net/translations/signstranslation.html); John 21:1-14. Also Mark 3:13-19/Matthew 10:1-4; Luke 6:12-16; Mark 2:14; Matthew 8:19-22/Luke 9:59-62; Gospel of Peter 14:1-3; Gospel of the Ebionites 2

 

10/28  Jesus as Prophet/Teacher: ASSIGNMENT 2 DUE

Read: Stanton ch. 11, and look up all gospel passages mentioned, especially: Mark 6:4; 6:15; 8:27-30; 9:2-13; 11:15-33; Matthew 21:11, 46; 13:33; 24:19; John 1:19-23;

Read: Exodus 19-20, 24; Numbers 14:1-25; Deuteronomy 18:15-22; 1 Kings 17-18; 19:11-21; 2 Kings 2; 4:1-5:19; Isaiah 5:1-7; 52:13-53:12; Jeremiah 7; 31:27-34; Malachi 4

 

11/2    Jesus and the Kingdom of God: ASSIGNMENT 3 DUE
Read: Stanton ch. 12

Read Mark 1:14-15; 4:26-29; 8:34-9:1; 10:14-15; 10:23-25; 14:25; Matthew 11:11-15; 13:10-17; Luke 10:18; 11:2; 11:14-23; 13:22-30; 17:20-21
Mark 9:43-47; 10:14-15; Matthew 5:3-12/Luke 6:20-26; Matthew 8:11-12; 11:12-13; 19:12; 21:31
Also Luke 10:17-20; 12:22-34

 

11/4    The Parables of Jesus: ASSIGNMENT 4 DUE
Read: Stanton ch. 13

The Sower, etc: Mark 4:10-34/Matthew 13:1-52/Luke 8:4-21; G.Thomas 9:1-5; 33:2-3; 5:2; 6:5-6; 21:1-10; 57:1-4; 76:1-3
The Wicked Tenants: Mark 12:1-12/Matthew 21:33-46/Luke 20:9-19/G.Thomas
65
The Wedding Banquet: Matthew 22:1-14/Luke 14:15-24/G. Thomas
64
The Generous Master: Matthew 20:1-16
The Wise and Foolish Virgins: Matthew 25:1-13
The Prodigal Son: Luke 15:11-32
The Good Samaritan: Luke 10:29-37
The Rich FoolLuke 12:13-21/G.Thomas
63:1-4
Read for comparison two Jewish rabbinic parables: darkwing.uoregon.edu/~dfalk/courses/jesus/parables.htm

 

11/9    Jesus as Healer:  ASSIGNMENT 5 DUE

Read: Stanton ch. 14
Read the following miracle stories: Mark 1:21-3:12; 4:35-6:6; 7:31-37; 8:22-26; 9:14-29, 38-41; Matthew 8:1-17; 9:18-26; 12:9-32; 15:21-28; Luke 4:1-44; 5:12-26; 6:1-9; 8:43-48; John 9:1-41; 11:1-53; 20:30-31; also 3:14-15.
Also read the other ancient miracle stories for comparison given here: 
darkwing.uoregon.edu/~dfalk/courses/jesus/miracles.htm

 

11/11  Jesus as Messiah; Jesus and Apocalyptic: ASSIGNMENT 6 DUE

Read Stanton ch. 15

Read passages on titles of Jesus:

·      Messiah/Christ: Mark 1:1; 8:29; 12:35; 15:32; Luke 2:11; 23:35; 24:46; Matthew 16:20; 26:63; John 1:41; 4:25; Acts 17:3; 1 Thessalonians 1:1; 2 Corinthians 13:13

·      Son of God: Mark 1:1; 3:11; Luke 1:35; 3:38; 4:3, 9, 41; 22:70; Matthew 14:33; 26:63; John 1:49; 5:25; 10:36; 11:27; 19:7; Acts 9:20;

·      Son of Man: Ezek 2:1-3; Daniel 7:13; Mark 2:10; 2:28; 8:31; 8:38; 9:9, 12, 31; 13:26; 14:62; Matthew 16:13; 16:27; 24:27-30; 26:64; John 1:51; 5:27; 6:62; Acts 7:56; Revelation 1:13; 14:14

Read apocalyptic passages: Mark 13:1-37/Matthew 24:1-51/Luke 21:5-36
Mark 9:1; 14:62; Matthew 25:13; Luke 12:35-59
Daniel 7:13-27; 8:18-26; 9:26-27; 11:29-35; 12:1-4, 9-13; Isaiah 13:9-13; 24:1, 21-23; 34:1-4 (look up the passages on www.bible.org/netbible/index.htm )

 

11/16  Ethics of Jesus: ASSIGNMENT 7 DUE
Read Matthew 5-7/Luke 6:17-26; 12:22-34
Mark 10:17-31/Matthew 19:16-30/Luke 18:18-30
Mark 12:28-34/Matthew 22:34-40/Luke 10:25-29/G.Thomas
25; also Romans 13:8-10; Galatians 5:14 (www.bible.org/netbible/index.htm )
Mark 9:42-50/Matthew 18:1-10/Luke 17:1-4
Mark 12:13-17/Matthew 22:15-22/Luke 20:20-26
Matthew 18:15-22/Luke 17:3-4
Matthew 23:1-12
Mark 2:18-3:6; 7:1-23; 
Matthew 21:28-32
Luke 4:16-20; 16:19-31; 18:9-14; 19:1-10
John 7:53-8:11; 13:31-35

 

11/18  The Passion of Christ: ASSIGNMENT 8 DUE
Read: Stanton 255-268, 269-288

Read the passion narratives: study them in Gospel Synopsis
Mark 14:1-16:20
Matthew 26:1-28:20
Luke 22:1-24:53; Acts 1:1-11
John 18:1-21:25
Also read Mark 8:31-33/Matthew 16:21-27/Luke 9:18-22; Mark 9:30-32; 10:32-34; Matthew 17:22-23; 20:17-19; Luke 18:31-34
Sources on justice in Roman Palestine (uoregon.edu/~dfalk/courses/jesus/justice.htm)

 

11/23  TBA; Prof. Falk away at conference

 

11/22  Thanksgiving: No Class

 

11/25  Easter and Beyond: ESSAY DUE; ASSIGNMENT 9 DUE

Read: Stanton 288-291

Read, from Paul’s letters: 1 Thessalonians 4:13-18; Galatians 1:15-24; 2:1-10; 1 Corinthians 15:1-58; Romans 5:1-11; 6:1-10; 2 Corinthians 4:7-12; 5:14-21; Philippians 1:19-26; 2:1-11; 3:17-21

Read also: Ephesians 1:15-23; 2:1-10; 3:1-13; Colossians 1:15-20; 2:8-15; 3:1-4; 2 Thessalonians 2:1-12; 1 Peter 2:18-25; 2 Peter 3:1-10; Hebrews 1:1-4

 

11/29  Birth Narratives: ASSIGNMENT 10 DUE
Read Matthew 1:1-2:23; Luke 1:1-2:52; Mark 1:1; John 1:1-18
Also read Isaiah 7:1-8:4; 60:1-6; Numbers 24:17; Micah 5:2; Psalm 72:10-11; Hosea 11:1-2; Jeremiah 31:15; Judges 13:5; Exodus 1:8-2:10; 1 Samuel 2:1-10; Genesis 1:1

 

11/30  TBA; Prof. Falk away at conference

 

12/2    TBA; Prof. Falk away at conference

 

12/9    Final exam: 10:15 am

 

 

 

On-line Readings:

 The Meaning of Jesus: http://www.christianitytoday.com/bc/9b2/9b2038.html "Six scholars explain why they study the origins of Christianity--and why it matters": Marcus Borg, N. T. Wright, John Dominic Crossan, Elaine Pagels, Richard B. Hays and Karen King.

 Jesus of Nazareth in Early Christian Gospels: http://www.gospels.net/

 Paul on Jesus: http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~dfalk/courses/jesus/paul.htm
 Ancient Jewish accounts of Jesus: http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/~humm/Topics/JewishJesus/
 Ancient miracle stories: http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~dfalk/courses/jesus/miracles.htm
 Hebrew Bible (Old Testament): http://www.bible.org/netbible/index.htm

 Jewish parables: http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~dfalk/courses/jesus/parables.htm
 Passion outline: http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~dfalk/courses/jesus/passion/htm

 Sources on Justice: http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~dfalk/courses/jesus/justice/htm
 The Case Against Q: http://www.ntgateway.com/synoptic/

Other Resources:
 Parallel Gospels: http://www.utoronto.ca/religion/synopsis
 New Testament Gateway, by Mark Goodacre: http://www.ntgateway.com.

A fabulous resource for maps, translations, links related to the New Testament

 The Historical Jesus links page: http://www.ntgateway.com/Jesus/

 The Synoptic Problem and Q links page: http://www.ntgateway.com/Q/

 Non-canonical Gospels: http://wesley.nnu.edu/noncanon/gospels.htm

 Jesus of Nazareth in Early Christian Gospels: http://www.gospels.net/

 Into His Own: Perspective on the World of Jesus, by Mahlon Smith: http://religion.rutgers.edu/iho/index.html

 The Jewish Roman World of Jesus, by James Tabor: http://www.uncc.edu/jdtabor/index.html

 Palestine in the Time of Jesus, by K. C. Hanson: http://www.kchanson.com/PTJ/ptj.html

 From Jesus to Christ. A useful web page related to the PBS special: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/religion/