INDO-EUROPEAN

þ represents a dead language (in either sense) GERMANIC EAST GERMANIC: þGothic, þVandalic, þBurgundian NORTH GERMANIC: Icelandic, Faroese, Norwegian, Danish- Swedish WEST GERMANIC German-Yiddish, Luxembourgeois, Dutch-Afrikaans Frisian, English-Scots CELTIC CONTINENTAL: þGaulish, þetc. INSULAR GOIDELIC: Irish-Scots Gaelic, þManx BRYTHONIC: Welsh, Breton, þCornish ITALIC OSCO-UMBRIAN: þOscan, þUmbrian LATIN-VENETIC: þVenetic þLatin / ROMANCE Sardinian Rumanian (in four very divergent dialects) WESTERN ROMANCE: Italian, þDalmatian, Rhaeto- Romance (Ladin, Friulian), Provencal, French. Catalan, Spanish, Galician, Portuguese, þLadino HELLENIC: Greek (þArcadian, þAeolic, þLocrian, þIonic, þMycenaean) TOKHARIAN: þTokharian A, þTokharian B ALBANIAN: Albanian (Gheg, Tosk) BALTIC: þOld Prussian, Lithuanian, Latvian SLAV(ON)IC SOUTH SLAVIC: þOld Church Slavic, Bulgarian-Macedonian, Serbo-Croatian, Slovene WEST SLAVIC: Czech-Slovak, Polish, Kashubian, þPolabian, Upper Sorbian, Lower Sorbian EAST SLAVIC: Russian, Ukrainian, Belorussian ANATOLIAN: þHittite, þLydian, þPalaic, þLuwian-þLycian ARMENIAN: Armenian INDO-IRANIAN IRANIAN SOUTHWEST IRANIAN: Farsi (Persian), Tadzhiki, Tati, Luri-Kumzari, Fars-Lari, etc. NORTHWEST IRANIAN: Kurdish, Kirmanji, Talishi, Gilaki-Mazandarani, Zaza-Gurani, Parachi, Ormuri, etc. SOUTHEAST IRANIAN: þScythian, Ossetic, þAvestan, Pashto, þBactrian, þSogdian, Yaghnobi, Munji- Yidgha, Sanglechi, Parachi-Ormuri, Sarikoli, Wakshi, etc. NURISTANI (KAFIR): Kati, Wasi-weri, Kalasha-ala, Tregami, Ashkun INDIC þSanskrit ROMANY: Romany (Gypsy) SINHALA-MALDIVIAN: Sinhala, Maldivian, Vedda INDIC PROPER CENTRAL: Hindi-Urdu, Panjabi, Marwari, Gujarati, Pahari, Garhwali, Kumauni, etc. EAST-CENTRAL: Nepali, Maithili, Bhojpuri, etc. EASTERN: Bengali, Assamese, Oriya WESTERN: Marathi, Konkani, Sindhi, Lahnda ?DARDIC: Kalasha, Khowari, Kashmiri, Shina, Torwali, Bashkarik, etc.