HOKAN
Northern Karok [NW California, middle Klamath River] Shasta, þChimariko [N. California, west of the Sacramento Valley] Atsugewi, Achomawi [Pit River drainage in NE California] þYana [N. California, western slopes of the Sierras] Pomo [several languages spoken in and north of Marin County, CA--Clear Lake to the coast] Washo [California and Nevada, vicinity of Lake Tahoe] þEsselen [California coast around Big Sur] þSalinan [California coast, south of Esselen] ?? þChumash [[California coast, around Santa Barbara] Yuman Digueno [S. California/NW Mexico: San Diego west to Arizona] Pai: Havasupai, Hualapai, Yavapai [upper Colorado River, Grand Canyon, NW Arizona] Mojave: Mojave [California-Arizona border area], Yuma, Maricopa [W. Arizona, near Phoenix] Cocopa [Baja California, s. California] Kiliwa [Baja California] Chumash has historically been considered Hokan, but recent research suggests that it may be an isolate. Sapir suggested that two Central American languages, Subtiaba and Tlappanec, are related to Hokan. (This is represented on the map on p. 132 of the Atlas). More recent research shows that Subtiaba and Tlappanec are related to the Oto-Manguean family in Mexico (also on the map on p. 132), but it may turn out that ST- Oto-Manguean is distantly related to Hokan--the question can't be settled until we understand more about both Hokan and Oto- Manguean.