back to the 211 main page

Linguistics 211: Languages of the World


LING 211: Languages of the World Winter 2007 Scott DeLancey 346-3901 Straub 227 delancey@darkwing.uoregon.edu Details about assignments and useful references and Web sites can be found on the 211 Web page: http://www.uoregon.edu/~delancey/courses/211/211.html

Course Outline

Jan 8 What is a language? How many languages are there in the world? Where do languages come from? What's the difference between a "language" and a "dialect"? Who speaks dialects? 10 Genetic relationships and language isolates What does it mean to say that two languages are related? How do we discover language relationships? What is a "Language family"? 12 Typological and areal relationships What are some of the ways that languages can vary? Why are neighboring languages often very similar, even when they aren't related? 15 Martin Luther King Day -- No Class 17 Language extinction How and why do languages die out? What are the prospects for preserving endangered languages? 19 How languages spread--the Indo-European family 22 The Indo-European languages Indo-European includes English and almost all of the languages of Europe, Iran, Afghanistan, and most of the languages of northern India and Bangladesh. 24 Uralic languages Uralic includes Finnish and Hungarian, among other languages that you've never heard of. 26 Altaic, Paleosiberian The other languages of northern Asia 29 Sino-Tibetan languages A family which includes Chinese, Tibetan, and Burmese 31 Language Areas of Eurasia Feb 2 Southeast Asian language families The linguistic affiliations of Thai, Lao, Cambodian, Vietnamese, and other languages of mainland Southeast Asia 5 Oceanic languages The Austronesian family (Indonesian, Samoan, Hawaiian, many others) and languages of Australia & Papua-New Guinea 7 Dravidian languages of southern India 9 Afroasiatic languages The Semitic languages, Ancient Egyptian, and other languages of northern and eastern Africa Monday, February 12 FIRST MIDTERM 14 Other families of Africa Khoisan, Nilotic, and Niger-Kordofanian 16 Languages of the Americas 19-21 South & Meso-American languages 23 Meso-American & North American familes 26 Ancient stocks of western North America The "Hokan" and "Penutian" languages of Oregon and California Feb 28-Mar 2 Native languages of Oregon Monday, March 5 SECOND MIDTERM Mar 7 Signed languages (and "sign language") American Sign Language and other signed languages used in Deaf communities 9 Pidgins & Creoles The spontaneous creation of languages out of old materials 12 Borrowing & language mixture How languages trade words, sounds, and grammatical patterns 14 Linguistic paleontology--Prehistory of Indo-European What can linguistic evidence tell us about the world before the invention of writing? 16 Linguistic paleontology--Languages of western North America

Course requirements:

1) Two short writing assignments (see below) 2) Two midterm exams, Feb. 12 and March 5. 3) A term paper: A 3,000-5,000 word research paper on a language or language family of your choice. See the Web page for some resources to get started with. You should come to talk to me about a topic early in the term. The term paper is due NO LATER THAN 4:00 on Monday, March 19. That's the FIRST day of finals week. (Did you get the part about NO LATER THAN? That means NO LATER THAN. Start planning now). The short assignments will each constitute 20% of your grade. Each midterm will count 15%. The term paper will count 30%. Writing Assignments You are responsible for two short writing assignments. These are due Monday, February 5, and Monday, February 26. Each report should be about 750-1,500 words, and reference at least three different sources of information. At least one source for each paper should be something in print, i.e. not off the Web, which can be found in Knight Library. Some useful bibliography and a list of relevant Web sites can be found on the 211 Web page. Here are a few sample topics. These all concern general issues that will be discussed at one time or another in class, but you don't need to coordinate your assigments with the syllabus; feel free to choose any topic for any due date. Feel free to pursue a topic of your own, but it's probably a good idea to run it by me first: Report on a political issue somewhere in the world that primarily concerns language. For example: Legal repression of or arguments about the legal status of minority languages: Basque or Catalan in Spain or France, Breton in France, Hungarian in Romania, Russian in Latvia, Welsh or Scots or Gaelic in the United Kingdom, Native languages in the U.S. or Mexico or Canada, Kurdish in Turkey, French in Canada, etc. Historical and/or social/political status of a minority language (Lapp/Saami in Sweden/Finland, any of the many minority languages of Russia, China, the U.S., Mexico, etc.) Political and linguistic arguments about the distinctiveness of Serbian/Croatian, Hindi/Urdu, Dutch/Flemish, etc. Issues concerning choice of official language(s) in a multilingual nation (Singapore, India, Canada, Paraguay, many African nations such as Nigeria, Kenya, Zaire, South Africa, etc.) Report on a recently deceased or nearly deceased language. There have been stories in the popular press over the last 10 years concerning Ubykh, Winnebago, Kickapoo, and a number of others; you can find other language names in the articles in the Endangered Languages section of the Web page. Try a Web search (see what you come up with if you just search for "last speaker of") or use the periodical indexes for one of these language names. Discuss theories of the prehistory--i.e. the geographical origin and spread--of some language family. You need to choose a family for which there is accessible information. Good starting references for Indo-European and Austronesian are given in the bibliography on the Web page. If you are ready to tackle some more difficult readings I can suggest references for Algonquian, Penutian, Uto-Aztecan, and Australian languages. I think you could probably find information to write about Bantu, Afro- Asiatic, or Dravidian, though offhand I couldn't tell you exactly where. Report on a creole language which has been or is now used as a lingua franca in some part of the world (e.g. Tok Pisin, West African Krio, Bislama, Papiamentu).