Lecture 6.2 Plato: Timaeus
Heisenberg was inspired to study physics on reading the Timaeus
one of the last dialogues written
barely a dialogue
Timaeus: unknown
fulfills the promise of the Phaedo: the final cause, the good
-like Genesis, but very different in character
creation is not ex nihilo
-a historia
demiurge: master craftsman
art is an imitation of nature
intelligence is primary
but the materials will pose
limitations
the intelligible order of the universe preexists the material
manifestation
Chaos preexists the ordering of the material universe
lack of jealousy: principle of plenitude
everything should come into being
that can
everything should be as good as
it can be
-things with intelligence is better than lack of intelligence
intelligence is not without soul
the demiurge creates the world a living intelligent animal, the great
God
creates it on the model of the intelligible universe, the Form of the
All
proportion and mathematics plays an important role in explaining the
good
the elements are ranged in double proportion,
fitting for a solid: recalled the doubling of the cube
proportion and harmony is beautiful
and the beautiful is good
completeness is also a form of the good
the unverse is complete in itself and self-sufficient
nothing is outside it
a mixture of Xenophanes and Parmenides
soul permeates the whole body of the universe
he makes it everlasting, but not eternal
creates the souls of the spheres from same,
different and being
in proportion of powers of 2 and 3
with interspersed arithmetic and
geometric means
time is the moving image of eternity
The traditional gods then make the souls and bodies of other living
things
Necessity: material causation: the motions of the elements
can give only a probable account
because they do not have a good
he can only describe them as they are (probably) and
not why (for what) they are
the Receptacle: the womb of becoming
note the gender typing
development of the notion of matter
matter is nothing
even the elements are not really things but qualities in continual flux
elements are given a geometrical character to make their natures more
distinct
goes on to a discussion of man, his body, soul, and diseases of body
and soul